I will attach Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

I will attach - Assignment Example It limits employees from inquiring about various issues such as marriage, age, terminal disorders and bank statements. According to the law, all Americans are entitled to privacy regardless of their circumstances (Loenen and Rodrigues, 1999). The ‘EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION’ oversees complaints regarding discrimination in the employment sector (Dol.gov, 2014). The anti-discriminatory laws prevent employers from hiring on racial, sex orientation and healthy basis (Seaquist, 2012). According to the laws, it is illegal to obtain information on the employee’s private life regarding their marital status, race, country of origin, age and medical conditions. The purpose of the essay is to apply the anti-discriminatory laws in advertising for a job position. The essay also identifies various legal and illegal questions directed to employees by employers (Seaquist, 2012). The Administrative Assistant will undertake various confidential, technical and administrative tasks within the department. The Administrative Assistant supports several teams in company including the Intellectual property department team, procurement marketing and advertising groups in the company. The assistant will also open new legitimate reviews and obtain responses on business deadlines by pursuing the subject matter in question. In addition, the Administrative Assistant will communicate and advise both internal and external customers on legal requests that relate to communication review, advertising, and appropriate guidelines on trademarks The assistance administrator processes documents, evaluates the legality of the company’s undertakings and researching on law infringements issues in the organization. Moreover, the assistant is responsible for filing patents, infringement and trademarks documents. The assistant administrator prepares internal customers’ reports and works on special project within the organization. Moreover, he or she maintains the

Home-Coming Analysis Essay Example for Free

Home-Coming Analysis Essay Good morning/afternoon teacher and classmates. Last week, our group was designated to analyse the poem Home-Coming by Australian poet Bruce Dawe, who was born in 1930 in Geelong, Victoria. Out of the four siblings in the family, he was the only one to ever attend a proper secondary school. Previously being a part of the Royal Australian Air Force in 1959, his purpose for writing this particular poem was because of the Vietnam War, which claimed a seemingly endless number of lives. This really angered him and so he dedicated this poem to the casualties during the war. In our analysis of the poem, we noticed that the poem effectively incorporated a variety of useful techniques which significantly enhanced the subtle meaning behind the poem. With the clever use of language and structural devices, Bruce Dawe was really able to augment his views and exhibit his true perspective upon war. Some techniques utilised throughout the passage were similes, repetition and irony, just to name a few. In a nutshell, the poem revolves around soldiers apparently coming home from the destructive course of war to their loved ones. From the title of â€Å"Home-Coming†, the audience gain an implication of relief and happiness and it insinuates a positive atmosphere. However, later on in the poem this is found to not be the case as the status of all the soldiers are revealed to be deceased. As soon as we read this, we quickly picked up on the fact that it was an anti-war poem. In our points of view, we believe the poem resembles an elegy because of its depressing mood. Also, our group thought that the poet was striving to depict the soldiers as unimportant and expendable through a satirical perspective as well as showing us how little respect they gain from laying their lives down for our freedom. To begin with, the first device embedded in the first section of the poem is repetition. The repetition of the word â€Å"day† in the quote â€Å"All day, day after day† presents a tedious mood in which time is moving extremely slowly and almost seems perpetual when we read it. This technique has such a strong and potent effect on the audience as it is applied in the opening lines of the poem, which forces us to have an immediate reaction. Also, the word â€Å"they’re† is continuously written later on in the poem, such as â€Å"they’re bringing them in, they’re zipping them up†. By doing this, Dawe attempts to  show a somewhat mechanical and constant process of the storage of corpses, thus displaying the soldiers with the qualities of inanimate objects and not worthy of have equality to human beings. Repetition is an important aspect in this poem and gives us the stereotypical view on the soldiers fighting at war. In addition to this, Dawe includes a descriptive array of similes that paint very vivid images in the minds of the audience, which allow them to picture the particular scene that the poet is trying to conjure. As a result, the composer is able to manipulate the imagination of readers and stimulate them into thinking about a specific theme through the use of words. In this case, Bruce Dawe induces strong visual imagery that promotes a lonely, mournful and silent atmosphere. An example of this mood is demonstrated in the quote â€Å"telegrams tremble like leaves from a wintering tree†. To base an image upon a â€Å"wintering tree† provides negative connotations whilst also allowing Dawe to take advantage of words to reinforce the depressing mood of the text. Because of this, the strong meaning behind the similes used is an essential component in the poem of Home-coming. Finally, the last technique adopted in the poem sparingly but effectively is irony. Dawe entices the audience to positive emotions such as hope and relief through the title of â€Å"Home-coming† which obviously is supposed to spark happiness. However, in this case, the poet deceptively turns our hope into confusion as the text then turns to a melancholy mood through quotes such as â€Å"they’re picking them up, those they can find†. The intended reaction that Bruce Dawe wants from the audience is shock, because as we read on, the soldiers are disclosed as dead people. This is where the irony lies as the content of the poem and its atmosphere almost completely contradicts the message that the title is insinuating. Furthermore, another instance of irony is the phrase â€Å"frozen sunset†. Once again, these words build up a cold and desolate basis for the mood of the poem. Bruce Dawe has combined a number of techniques such as irony and similes in this anti-war poem that makes the audience wonder about the terrible effects of war and the devastation it can bring to families. It persuades them to  see through the faà §ade of war with the twisted but true contrasts of the title and content of the poem. As well as this, the text tries to make us consider the way that we act in regards to soldiers and we they should respect them more as they are the reason why our freedom is able to be reserved for the future generations.

Internal And External Influences Of Dell Computers Commerce Essay

Internal And External Influences Of Dell Computers Commerce Essay The organization being chosen to carry out such change management process analysis is the computer industry and the organization company in focus is amicably regarding DELL Computers. Thus, change processes in business organizations involves the reality behind every process and is considered as a daily cycle in dealing to various issues and concerns of the organization as it depends on the managements actions and its respected change of nature in dealing with effective change management as directed at overcoming anger and resentment evolving into a program that supports acceptance and internalization. As a consultant commenting on the organizational change process choosing DELL organization as the focal point for discussion and analysis for this presentation, my role to the organization is to have a clear emphasis dealing to the external and internal change drivers and other essential points needed for the realization of purpose for this report presentation for the senior management of the DELL in providing factual information that will be able to give a better substantive spontaneity of understanding of such organizational state needed for selection and the application of the appropriate management models as well as concepts per se.   1.0 Introduction In this assignment, I will be using Dell Corporation to complete task 1 and 2. Task 1 is about determining and analyzing Dells internal and external influences. The external factors are the elements come from outside the organization that beyond the control of organization and internal factors are the influences within the organization. In task 2, political change, effectiveness and improvements of the Dell will be discussed. 1.1 Background Information of Dell Michael Dell, the founder of Dell in 1984. Michael Dell started selling personal computers out of his dorm room at the University of Texas in Austin. Dell has a simple concept that is by selling computer systems directly to their target customers by cutting out retailers and suppliers. Dell listens and understands customers needs and delivers the most effective computing solutions to meet those needs. Dell is the number 1 PC provider in the United States and number 2 worldwide. Dell was also listed in Forbes magazine as the 25th largest company on the Fortune 500 list. Dell headquarter is located at Texas, United States. In 2009, Dell has employed more than 76,500 people worldwide. Dell sells its products directly to customers such as government agencies, public institutes, healthcare and educational institutions, small to large businesses through sales representatives, telephone-based sales, and online through the company web site. 2.0 Internal Factors Internal factors or influences include statement of mission, vision and goals, product and services, leadership and SWOT analysis. 2.1 Statement of Mission, Vision and Goals Dells success is based on a simple premise that is to listen to customers, delivers technology and services they value. Dells mission is to be the most successful computer company in the world at delivering the best customer experience in markets we serve, by means of meeting customer expectations of highest quality, leading technology, company accountability and support as well as flexible customization capability, and financial stability. The company vision was to produce computers that could easily be fitted with individual components to build a computer system to accommodate individual requirements. Dells primary goal is to customize, design and built products to satisfy they customers requirements so that customers can get exactly what they desire.   Dell has achieved their main goal by doing business directly with customers one at a time. They believed that they could better than anyone in the world. This is their primary goal because they want to be the best at what they do and make a profit.   Dell feels that their great customer service will keeps customer loyal. Dells another goal is to become the greenest technology company in the world. Dell has launched a long-term, global effort to become the greenest technology company in the planet. It has set an ambitious Zero Carbon Initiative whereby it aims to maximize the energy efficiency of Dell products, and over time offset their carbon impact. Furthermore, Dell is going to extend its Plant a Tree for Me programme into Europe and Dell will also continue offering its consumers worldwide free recycling for used Dell equipment and other branded equipment when new Dell hardware is purchased. 2.2 Products and Services Dell is globally recognized for award winning products and outstanding services. Dells dedication to customer satisfaction means that consumer can count on them for a responsive, reliable, quality service. Dell pay attention and listen to their customers needs and wants. Thereby, Dell delivers innovative technology and services they trust and value. Dell offers a wide range of product such as desktop computers, notebook computers, network servers, workstations, handheld computers, monitors, printers, high-end storage products, and a variety of computer peripherals and software. Dells systems are built to order and so that customers have the freedom to choose what requirements they require. Other than that, the company is now offering wide range of electronics and PC accessories networking accessories, digital cameras and camcorders, gaming consoles and software, LCD televisions, projectors and surround sound speakers. Moreover, Dell has designed smart, simple services to fit the curr ent customers lifestyle and it has brought customers a lot of convenience. Dell also provides 24/7 customers service and support tool that secure customers personal data and keep their system running in good condition. Dell technology experts can remotely access a customers computer to solve issues instantly. 2.3 Leadership 2.4 SWOT analysis Strengths One of the best renowned computer brands Dell is the largest PC maker in the world and also well-known for online selling of computers. Dell offers a wide range of PC, Laptops, Monitors and LCDs, hardware and software. The companys web site received at least 25 million visits at more than 50 country-specific sites. Direct to customer business model Dell sells directly to their customers by cutting out the retailers and suppliers. Dells efficient procurement, manufacturing and distribution process allowing it to offer customers powerful systems at competitive prices. Dell provides top-notch customer service before and after the sale and also 24 hours customer service and support. Customization Every Dell system is built to order. Dell built computer based on customer provided specifications. So customers get exactly what they desire. Weaknesses No Proprietary Technology Dell does not have proprietary technology, the current technology used by Dell are shared by the other major competitors. Product Failure There is the occasional product recall that can cause Dell some embarrassment. In 2004, 4.4 million laptop adapters are recalled back because of a fear that they might overheat. Opportunities Diversification Dell is introducing many new products to its range through diversification. This initially has meant good such as printers, desktop and laptops, but now also includes LCD televisions and other non-computing goods. Strong market potential Dell has the opportunity for expansion in all parts of the world, especially in markets outside of the U.S.; in all customer segments; and in all product categories. The number of PC users is expected to hit or exceed 1 billion by 2010. Threats Competitor Dell attracts customers through cost saving. Since competitors are offering computers at low costs, this could threaten Dells price-conscious growing customer base. With almost similar prices, price difference is no longer an issue for customers. Technology Advancement Rapid change in technology obsoletes the product in small span of time. Dell has to keep up with technological advancements to be able to compete. Currency fluctuation Changes in world currencies can affect production costs. As the costs of supplies increase, the price of the computers will also increase. 3.0 External Factors The external environments consist of Porters 5 and PESTLE analysis. PEST is very effective for the understanding of business situation and global issues and Porters 5 analyses the companys external environment in an existing market or a new one. 3.1 PEST analysis of Dell Corporation 3.1.1 Political Political factors include government regulations and legal issues determining the conditions under which companies have to operate. Dell Corporation encounters problems in certain countries where political stability is not guaranteed, no matter whether companies operate production facilities or if they do business with that country through exports or imports. Many countries still have restrictive policies such as the trade quotas and certain government regulations that implies on MNC (Multinational corporations) which are maintained to protect domestic manufacturers and production. These policies are more likely to obstruct foreign companies from investing or entering into these markets. The only possibility to do business in those countries is to establish partnerships with local companies such as joint ventures or strategic alliances, where they are additionally forced to accept minority shares and to provide resources concerning money, local culture and technological knowledge. Ho wever, the computer industry sees great potential in those countries with looser and less restricted government regulations for countries like China which has opened for many industries since its accession to the WTO in 2001. This causes the globalisation trade barriers to be less restricted and the opportunities for new market to emerge thus allowing free trade to expand. 3.1.2 Economic Economic conditions influences both demand/supply, capital and cost and is greatly influences by political and government policies. The computer industry expects a growth of approximately ten percent over the next years. This growth is influenced by the economic situation in a specific country, having an impact on the purchasing power of potential customers. Hence, changing inflation rates and currency fluctuation also determine the profitability of a company. I the cost of capital is low it will be an interesting market for firms to invest and expand in the market thoroughly. Certain countries in Asia represent a great opportunity for firms to invest and expand in. For example, in Malaysia GDP for 2007 was estimated at 357.9 billion with a growth rate of 6.3%, while in 2008 it comes with a growth rate of 5.0%. Apparently in 2009 the growth rate has increased from 2008 of 5.0% to 2009 of 5.2%. 3.1.3 Social The social cultural factor represents the demand and taste. Promotional and pricing strategies will have to change according to the market saturation to adapt to the consumer demand. The national demand for computers is dependent on the educational level prevailing in a specific country. The higher the educational standard, the higher is the demand. Furthermore, computers get more and more involved in daily life. Today, children are more exposed to computers compared to the 1990s. Firms should be aware of demographics changes as the structure of the population by ages, affluence, regions, the employment rates can strongly influences the demand and supply for a particular products and services. Therefore, threats to existing products might be increasing and this indirectly causes the opportunities for differentiation and market segmentation to increase. 3.1.4 Technological The technology today has indeed become an asset rather than a liability to human beings today. Firms must evolve accordingly in order to stay competitive among existing rivals in the market. Plus technology external can also be captures and used, and this again can be influenced by government support and encouragement. New technology can be useful in both manufacturing and services for a better and more efficient and effective output. For example, in Malaysia Dell corporation is famous for producing affordable and good quality laptops such as the Dell Inspiron and Dell Studio laptops to suit all range of income earners and taste. 3.2 Porters five Forces Five forces analysis help the marketer to compare and contrast a competitive environment. It has similarities with other tools for environmental audit, such as PEST analysis, but tends to focus on the single, stand alone, business or SBU (Strategic Business Unit) rather than a single product or range of products. For example, Dell would analyze the market for Business Computers (one of Dells SBU units) 3.2.1 Threat of New Entrants (moderate) Barriers to entry, however can restrict the firms from entering the market, more number of entry barriers will make it difficult for the new entrants to exploit the opportunity of new market. Existing firms which produces at economies of scale makes it difficult for new firms to enter the market. Certain distribution channels are control by either the government or existing firms and makes it difficult for new entrants. Furthermore, not all programs can work all computers therefore switching costs is quite high. This causes customers to stay with the same product because it can be expensive to buy new software for a new system. 3.2.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers (high) The bargaining power of buyer increases when there is a huge amount of players in the market. Rival firms offer discounts, warranty and services to switch the consumer from one brand to another in the same industry. Consumers are highly price-sensitive and might switch to other PC company if Dell increases their price. Thus, Dell can lower this threat by differentiating their products. Customers select mainly based on price although Dell differentiate their products because customers might not see much differences between products. Firms should maintain good relationships with customers by practicing CRM processes in the company. For example, P G has an online portal to ask the customer about their views, opinions and new ideas about the products of their desire. 3.2.3 Rivalry among existing firms (Strong) It refers to the war between the firms competing in the same industry for gaining customer share in order to increase their revenues and profits. Dell is offering affordability computers and excellent customer service which could stay competitive in the industry. 3.2.4 Threat of Substitutes (moderate) Other gadgets such as mobile phones can be a threat to computers due to enhancement of phone features that have similarities with PDAs. A firm faces intense competition from substitute product producing firms, when the customer cost of switching is lower, substitute products are better in quality and functionality. The competitive strength can be determined by market share, sales pattern, producers adding capacity for more production, and rise in profits. 3.2.5 Bargaining power of supplier (moderate) Bargaining power of suppliers affect the intensity of competition especially if there are huge numbers of suppliers in the market plus less availability of raw material and the cost of switching between suppliers or raw material is high in the market. The influences of certain huge suppliers such as Microsoft enforce computer manufacturers to load Windows in their computers and place their logo on laptops, desktops and server machines. Task 2 4.0 Influence on policies and decision making The influence on policies and decision making is partly based on the revolution of globalization and world economy is usually recognized as being driven by the combination of political, economies, socio cultural, technological and biological factors. A firm would be able to analyze the situation through PEST analysis, SWOT and Porters 5 forces. During the worlds worst hit global economy crisis 3 years back, the whole world suffered in a lot of aspects. The United States economy tumbles like never before and because America is the worlds biggest exporter and importer in terms of trade, it gradually affects other countries. 4.1 Global economy crisis in the world During the global economy crisis in 2008, the United States experienced a serious financial crisis which turned into a major economic recession. Both events also spilled over to the rest of the world resulting in a global economic crisis. (Financial Crisis and Global Recession, 2008) Inflation rises and consumers are more sensitive about their spending, hence this causes the government will have to come out with stimulus plans to restructure the economy and to decrease unemployment rate which is rising rapidly. Dell corporation second quarter profits falls 17% from a profit of $746 million, or 33 cents per share, the company reported a year ago and announces the firms restructuring plan of 10% cuts in global jobs that equate to job losses of around 9,000. Dell also closes its plant in Austin, Texas as part of its restructuring plan to save $3billion over the next 3 years. Shares of Dell rose 31 cents to close at $19.92. They dropped and then regained 25 cents in after-hours trading. 4.2 Global Corporate Responsibility of Dell Corporation Dell Corporation, a truly globalized information technology infrastructure and those who build, run and use it are creating a new era, the Connected Era. Dell wants to develop a generation of young people across the globe that is prepared to connect to the whole new world. (Dell Global Giving, 2010) Dell has always been practicing this principle and culture since the firms incorporation. For example, Dell has launched a new signature program called Dell Youth Connect to prepare while help unleashing the talent of young people through technology and designed to provide support for education and digital inclusion initiatives that the company considers essential to ensuring the next generations success in the Connected Era. India, Mexico and Brazil are the recipients where Askhara Foundation is founded in Bangalore and American Indian Foundation in Hyderabad. 4.3 The increasing effects of global warming Global warming has risen to become an issue and has turned into a catalyst. It is believed to be cause by human activity such as fossil fuel burning, deforestation, greenhouse emissions and pollution. The effect is devastating and is causing the earths global temperature to increase and this leads to the rise of sea levels and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation. Apparently, Dell Corporation is committed to becoming the greenest technology company on the planet. The company has built environmental considerations into every stage of the product life cycle ranging from development and design, to manufacturing and operations, to customer use and end of life product disposition for more than a decade. Dell Corporation, not known as a cleantech company, but long known for being a supply chain expert and direct marketing leader in PCs and electronic devices, is turning its attention to global warming and at least working to provide consumers some greener product options and more consumer information. For example, Dell created the Plant A Tree program to make it easy for customers to offset the greenhouse gas emissions from the computer equipment and to help build a healthier planet  while practicing the slogan one tree and forest at a time. Customers can easily participate by purchasing new Dell products and simply add the Plant a Tree option to the shopping cart while shopping online. Non customers can easily donate by logging in to the carbonfund.org/Dell website to contribute to the program. 4.4 The Emergence of Asia on the economy factors There are currently 28 emerging markets in the world and by far China and India are the two largest markets in the world currently. Since Chinas emergence in WTO in 2001, China has been growing rapidly in terms of growth and industrialization along with India. These two countries are the worlds fastest growing country in terms of GDP growth and trade. Dell Corporation waste no further time by announcing its partnership with Chinas largest consumer electronics retailers Gome. The company also plans to pursue partnership like this in other Asian countries. Dell opens its 1st outlet in Malaysia called Dell Direct Store at Mid Valle Mega Mall, one of the busiest shopping mall in Kuala Lumpur (KL) in 2007. Dell has since begun operating a plant producing for Latin Americas and the US markets in Malaysia in 1995. This shows that Dell already saw the opportunities to expand in the Asia markets long before it started to blossom. (Blogjer, 2009) The income statement shown above is the reported earnings of Dell Corporation. Dells revenue has been increasing steadily from 2006 until it decreases starting from 2009, which is where the period of time the global recessions affect the world. Due to the Global recession, Dell has to restructure the company and this leads to closure of plants and sacking of employees. Even though the US market is a slump, apparently, Asia continues to be one of the few bright spots for the computer industry. For example, the company is cutting workers and idling some facilities in Texas because of slow computer demand in the United States , despite that international sales still remain strong. The Round Rock, Texas-based company reported a 5 per cent dip in its global profit and an 11 per cent increase in global revenue during the fourth quarter, but reported a strong double-digit growth in markets such as India and China. The companys revenue rose 52 per cent year on year in India during the fourth quarter (ending January 29) , and 81 per cent in China in 2010. This shows the sign of economy recovery, but still international sales are by far larger than sales in the US years ago. 5.1 Awards for environmental core Dell Corporation values honesty, integrity and the highest level of ethical conduct. Hence, starting in 2000, Dell began the Soul of Dell initiative to redefine our values and elucidate what Dell aspires to be as a company. (Ethics and Compliance, 2010) 5.1.1 Business Ethics Magazines Top 10 Best Corporate Citizens Dell ranked No. 9 in Business Ethics list of 100 Best Corporate Citizens among major U.S. companies. The annual 100 Best Corporate Citizens list evaluates the top 1,000 largest publicly-traded companies in the U.S. and is based on a statistical analysis of performance in the following eight stakeholder categories: shareholders, community, governance, diversity, employees, environment, human rights and product. Dell scored highest this year in the categories of employee relations, community engagement and environmental responsibility. Dell has been ranked for six of the lists seven years of publication. In recent years, Dell has won acclaim for the companys commitment to corporate citizenship, notably as the 2005 winner of the Business Ethics Environmental Progress Award. (Ethics and Compliance, 2010) 5.1.2 The Tim McClure Award (Outstanding Environmental and Community Leadership) The National Recycling Coalition awarded Balcones Recycling partnership with Dell Computer Corp. The award salutes organizations that show initiative and commitment to recycling, the environment and the community. Since Dells partnership with Balcones Recycling began in 1997, the computer giant has achieved a remarkable 80 percent recycling rate and has diverted more than 40,000 tons (1,700 tons per month) of material from local landfills and saved more than $16 million ($1.3 million per month) every year. Dells R3 reduce, reuse, recycle implementation in recycling and waste reduction that includes focusing on recycling within Dells offices and manufacturing facilities in the United States, and in schools near the companys headquarters in central Texas. Balconess recycling partnership with Dell represents one of the largest and most successful waste minimization, diversion and recycling efforts in the United States. Balcones anything that tears office recycling program at Dell is the largest in US, this allows Dell employees to mix all types of recyclable papers such as cardboard, office paper, plastics, foams in the container making it the most user friendly recycling system in the country. Innovative reuse programs developed by Balcones Recycling have had the single greatest economic and environmental impact on the results of R3. In Dells manufacturing facilities, innovative reuse programs put into action by Balcones save packaging materials and parts, and then returns them to suppliers. (CHARLOTTE, 2009) Refer to appendix 1 6.0 Area for improvements Although Dell is an extremely successful company, there are areas of improvements and enhancements that should be considered. The computer industry focuses mainly on technology, therefore for Dell to stay competitive among firms in the industry, Dell should innovate and constantly adapt to the new technology for technology will have a significant impact on Dells success and future. Dell Corporation is famous for its affordable and good quality computers. Dell can invest more in the research and development to develop new products and services, even though Dell is a leader in e commerce computer hardware market and sets the highest sales in online sales in US, still the company can initiate a program called Customer Survey to gain more market share. For example, like what the company did in Twitter and Facebook , Dell Corporation managed to get a $3 million revenue through Twitter and the company placed 200 employees on the social networking site to interact with customers about techn ical support and customer demands. The company can also implement a program to reduce errors in their direct Internet ordering system and create a Clearance area on its website for systems produced in error because most of Dells sales come from online sales. Therefore, customer should not have bad experience when purchasing online on Dells official website because leaving a good impression and experience in the customer is always good for business no matter if the customers are just consulting or purchasing. Dells customer support service can also be enhanced, apparently the company spends $150 million to improve on customer service but recorded a 5 % drop in the American Customer Satisfaction Index. Dells global brand identity is also undeniably strong but in new and blooming market such as India, China, Vietnam, Indonesia and so on, Dell can increase their company recognition through a national advertising campaign. Mutual agreement within a company and government to achieve a cer tain goals and objectives can be obtained and are very beneficial towards both sides. 7.0 Conclusion Dell is a very successful company in the world due to the companys high level in understanding of customer needs and satisfaction. The company listens to what customer wants and needs and then implements it into the companys system, products and services. Dell implements the direct business model since it was 1st founded by the current chairman Michael Dell, even till today, Dells environmental programs for product asset recovery and product design for environment have spanned more than a decade. The company designs and customizes products and services to the requirements of the organizations and individuals, and sells an extensive selection of peripheral hardware and computing software. One of Dells missions is to engage stakeholders to improve products and processes for the beneficial of everybody in the process. Dell is expanding from selling desktop computer market to enterprise computing, a move that involves building high-powered server computers. The companys expertise in sell ing over the Internet and efficient supplier network are critical if Dell is to drive better value for its customers, plus the internet has become a booming business in all kinds of industry and are increasing the demand for network computers for many years to come. If Dell wants to optimize their return on investment, they must continue to form strong customer relationship as well as vendor relationships and participation.

Essay on the Gods in Euripides Medea :: Euripides Medea Essays

Antigone Medea has just killed four people which are Creon the king of Corinth, the princess whom Jason is in love with, and her two little children. Jason then prays to gods, especially Zeus, father of all gods, to punish Medea for her crimes. From the context of the quote, the chorus is addressing the audience about the unexpected and unbelievable end of the play. Medea then gets away to Athens with a chariot lent to her by Helios, the sun god and her grandfather. Euripides always uses this kind of conclusion to end most of his works. Euripides suggests that the general theme of the quote is gods are not like what we think they are supposed to be. In other words, we can not expect much from the gods. Instead, we have to handle our matters on our own. The phrase, "Many are the Fates which Zeus in Olympus dispenses," tells us that gods do not favor mortal people. Even if gods do help mortals, that's only because those mortals have some kind of relationship with the gods. So, Euripides tells this story not in favor of the gods. The general thems is gods are not as good as they are supposed to be. Medea has been exiled for three times: from her home country near the Black Sea, from Jason's homeland Iolchos, and now from the city of Corinth. We would naturally think that a woman like Medea, being exiled for many times, is the most vulnerable and most powerless woman. She has got no friend and no citizenship. At the time of Euripides, being an exile is not an interesting position that a person wants to be in. It is like a suicide. Most people at that time in Greece view strangers as barbarians with no intelligence at all. In addition, Medea is going to be an exile with two children. She is supposed to be in lots of trouble. On the other hand, Jason has won the princess of Corinth's love. He is going to be Creon's son-in-law. Jason abandon's Medea after all she has done for him. Jason doesn't fear Medea at all because he has support from Creon, king of Corinth. Jason is supposed to be more powerful than Medea. Jason is the son-in-law of the king and Medea is an exile. But, as Eur ipides suggests, what the audience expects doesn't come true at all.

Marketing for Volkswagen Essay

Introduction The Volkswagen Group, one of world`s leading automobile manufacturers and the largest carmaker in Europe. The Group operates 48 production plants in thirteen Europe countries and a further six countries in the Americas, Asia and Africa. Around the world, more than 360,000 employees produce almost 25,400 vehicles or are involved in vehicle-related services each working day. The Volkswagen Group sells its vehicles in more than 150 countries. Recently years, global warming has become an international problem. The co2 from the vehicle is one of the most direct courses. Now, as the leader of the automobile manufacturers. Volkswagen pools all of its eco-friendly innovations under an umbrella brand that signifies efficiency: Blue Motion Technologies. This year, the vehicles labeled with Bluemotion tag is going to sell in eastern china and shanghai. Main body 1. Marketing concept of the Volkswagen Shanghai 1.1Original ideals A company always needs original ideals. Especially a big company like Volkswagen. The market changes everyday, people`s consumptive ideas changing everyday also. So, original ideals can help the company catch its old customers and attract new customers. 1.2 Be a civic-minded company Always pay more attention to the environment and do more public activities. Volkswagen is a big company, but also a part of the society. As a automobile manufacturer, should always pay attention to the environment. The vehicles it makes will produce much waste gas. So, pay attention to the environment protection can show the responsibilities of the society and its customers. 1.3Customer-focused Customer is the source of life of the company. A company always needs to take care of the customers. Give them best vehicles, never cheat them. Never let them lose the trust of the company. Good after-sell service is also needed. No one can promise the vehicle won`t have problem after the customer bought it. Fix it and a sincerely apologize can solve many unnecessary problems. Focus on the customer can also make a good benefit. For example, the Touran from Volkswagen has a good humanistic design. This car have a perfect order of its seats. The car itself is not big, but this design makes the space inside much larger than any cars in the same size. This makes Touran be the best choice for the middle class and makes a lot of money for the Volkswagen. 2. Market positioning Eastern China and shanghai is the richest place of China. This part produce the largest part of GDP in China. This is the best place to sell the vehicle with bluemotion technology. But not everyone in eastern China and shanghai will be interested. Here is the positioning of the market. 2.1 Market classify 2.1.1 Market in single people By the great economic growing in China, more and more people can by a private car. This would be a great market for the vehicle with bluemotion technology. 2.1.1.1 Classify by sex Most males have a great interested in the vehicle, a large part of them would like the big vehicle with a strong power. Many cars in Volkswagen, like Lamborghini. A supercar. Many men dreamed to have one. Females would be interest in a small and good looking vehicle. The Volkswagen Beetle`s streamlined outlook and colorful appearance is the best choice for a women. 2.1.1.2 Classify by age In technically, the Volkswagen car is suitable for very level of age, someone who can drive a car. But the main level is the people from 25 to 60, who have ability to buy a car by himself. So, the main market is the adult from 25 to 60. 2.1.1.3Classify by income The vehicles produce by Volkswagen are in the medium and high grade. The bluemotion technology is mainly use in the vehicles better than average. People with low income will not able to afford it. People with high income would like to buy the cars in top grate. So, people`s income between 5000-10,000RMB per month will be interest in the vehicle with bluemotion technology. 2.1.1.4Classify by the road condition Road condition is a major determinant of the vehicles. Road in downtown will be suitable for the vehicles produce by Volkswagen. Countryside is also all right, but not a best choice for it. 2.1.1.5Classify by the occupation Eastern China and shanghai have a large territory and have a big amount of occupations. Most occupations need a transport. Someone who lives away from his company will need a economical and environmental vehicle. The vehicle with bluemotion technology will be their best choice. Above all, a person, no matter a woman or a man, age between 20 to 60, who have a driving ability, can make money between 5000 to 10,000 per month, need a vehicle to go to work and live in a place with good road condition, will be the market of the Volkswagen`s car with bluemotion technology. 2.1.2 Market in public transport 2.1.2.1 Public transport is the mainly transportation in a big city. Most city in eastern China and shanghai have a mature public transport system. Includes: subway, bus, ferry, light railway and taxi. Bus and taxi should use the vehicle and the vehicles with bluemotion technology is the best choice for taxi. 2.1.2.2 Every taxi company have their own needed and choice. Vehicles from Volkswagen with bluemotion technology is suit for the companies which needs lower fuel cost, more steady fuel supply and of course ,better environmental protection. This technology make the car to use diesel oil and make the much lower oil consumption. It also provide lower co2. This is good for the environment . Above all, the taxi company which need needs lower fuel cost, more steady fuel supply and better environment protection will need the vehicle with bluemotion technology . 2.1.3 Market in collective Collective is a big market for vehicle selling. Almost every collective need some vehicles for transport. No meter a factor or a government department. 2.1.3.1 First, a collective should be a large collective that can afford the cost of the cars and the fuel the cars need. This a large money if there is a large amount of cars. 2.1.3.2 Second, the collective should have enough environmental awareness. The main aim of bluemotion is environmental protection. The collective which have environmental awareness will like to try the vehicles with this technology. 2.1.3.3 Third, the collective should have the wish to buy a car. Many collectives have saturated with the cars already. The Volkswagen should find out the collectives which still need cars. Above all, the collectives which have enough fund, environmental awareness and willing to buy a car is the main market for the Volkswagen. 2.2 Market positioning In the end, the main market for the vehicle from Volkswagen with bluemotion technology is: the people no matter a woman or a man, age between 20 to 60, who have a driving ability, can make money between 5000 to 10,000 per month, need a vehicle to go to work and live in a place with good road condition, the taxi company which need needs lower fuel cost, more steady fuel supply and better environment protection, the collectives which have enough fund, environmental awareness and willing to buy a car. Conclusion The Volkswagen should focus on the customers and always have original ideals. The market positioning is also very important. The Volkswagen should always know where the customers are and who is the customer. This will help the Volkswagen to sell the vehicle with bluemotion technology a lot. Reference http://auto.china.com http://www.vw.com.cn

The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Example

The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Example The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay The Humanities are not a Luxury Essay Essay Topic: Rebuttal The Humanities are not a Luxury: A Manifesto for the Twenty-first Century In her piece The Humanities are not a Luxury: A Manifesto for the Twenty-first Century, Smith Martha Nell delivers the message that humanities are an expression of the human condition rather than a luxury. Initially, she quotes the evidence from Audre Lordes, a credible scholar, work arguing that poetry is no luxury but a necessity in our lives. The claim here is that poetry is a form of humanity and it includes all that humans do in their lives including music, theatre, dancing, history etc. All these poetry is used to capture our deepest fears and hopes rather than just be luxurious (Smith 48). Smith acknowledges the contrary argument that poets do not reflect on humans daily lives since their words are full of metaphorical meanings. Her claim is hinged on the claim from Robert Frost, a credible scholar, that the words do not always yield positive outcomes as the poets dont tell boys what to think (48). They (poets) do not tell them what conclusions or meanings to draw from the poems whichleavesthem (boys) in the dark. Thiscounter argumentsets up a problem of including metaphors in the poets work but Smith outlines that the metaphors are important and create the need for critical thinking for humans (50). To show the importance of critical thinking, Smith uses an example of the California budget crisis in which Mark Yudolf, president of the University of California, used a metaphor to air out the grievances of the English departments not receiving their payment. The Englishdepartment in this casereferred to the humanities department and the point was that the humanities curricula and researches cost much but did not pay. The rebuttal point here is that the in the context ofYudolfsclaim, themediaand the general public was supposed to put this and that together thus deducing what he meant (50). Smith further uses,Yudolfscase to stress thathumanityarenot a luxury. She quotes an argument brought out by a credible scholar, Emily Dickinson, who argues that the value of artist humanities is priceless in the society (51). The argument leads to the declaration that humanities and social sciences are vital necessities in human life even though Yudolf might have been interpreted as an expense, a luxury. Humanities are not a luxury but a great benefit in understanding the society(Gil Soeiro and Tavares 1). Smith stresses that humanities are not a luxury by quoting the claims of Robert Watson and Lorde who claim that humanities and social sciences are actually enrichment to the institutions and to the students lives. The claim is that they yield more than 100% of their total expenditure. Smith backs this with the evidence by Yudolf who social sciences and humanities are a better source of cross-subsidy for the institutions unlike the laboratory requiring courses such as engineering (51). Smith points out that there is no major crisis in the humanities sector as Yudolf claimed in his argument. Nevertheless, the image, as evident in Smiths document, shows students ofYudolfsschool protesting with a bannerwrittensave the humanities (Smith 52). More evident news press claims of the crisis are that:PHDs seeking positions will not get employment, the American Council of Learned Societies claim that humanitiesPHDsgraduates cant find jobs, the humanities being attacked every day, and the claim that the humanities are no longer humane (52). The author claims that there is a public disinvestment in the humanities and portrays the problem that the public universities are hardly funded. She quotes the claims by Lewis that only the minority try to air out the humanities grievances. The most vocal groups, such as the media and the politicians do not back up this concerns of whichHolm,Jarrickand Scott agree (Holm, Jarrick and Scott 160). The significance of the claim is that democracy is strong if it is backed up without fear which means we should always think critically so as to advance in it (52). The author wraps up the document by recommending what she calls, the technology of self-consciousness. She recommends that; the humanities team should get past the myth that the humanities are an expense; the team should always challenge the humanities since as Smith quotes, an analysis of how the conventions of the outbreak narrative shape attitudes toward disease emergence and social transformation can lead to more effective, just, and compassionate responses both to a changing world and to the problems of global health and human welfare.(Chew 1203); the team should never be ruled by money but rather theybefocused on passing the education; they should not allow technology to brainwash them from humanehumanities; andfinally they should ensure the best rapport between the elders and the peers alike. Only if webecomfortable around thehuman kindwill the humanities make sense (Smith 54-55). Work Cited Chew, Suok Kai. Contagious: Cultures, Carriers, And The Outbreak Narrative.Choice Reviews Online46.01 (2008): 1203. Web. Gil Soeiro, Ed. Ricardo and Sofia Tavares. Rethinking The Humanities: Paths And Challenges.The Kelvingrove Review1.11 (2012): 1. Web. 13 Oct. 2016. Holm, Poul, Arne Jarrick, and Dominic Scott.Humanities World Report 2015. Hampshire: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2015. Print. Nell Smith, Martha. The Humanities Are Not A Luxury: A Manifesto For The Twenty-First Century.Liberal Education 102.3(Winter 2011): 48-55, Web. 13 Oct. 2016.

Jardin essays

Jardin essays El jardà ­n de senderos que se bifurcan En este breve ensayo analizaremos sobre la obra del escritor argentino Jorge Luis Borges, El jardà ­n de senderos que se bifurcan. En el primer prrafo de la obra se puede observar que la narracin est escrita en presente y en tercera persona en sigular. En este prrafo, el autor no slo introduce al personaje principal de la obra, Yu-Tsun, quien es un chino espà ­a aleman, sino tambin presenta el tema del cuento que es la demora de una ofensiva britnica contra las fuerzas alemanas en la là ­nea Serre-Montauban en 1916. Este hecho histrico de la Primera Guerra Mundial hace que el cuento sea ms real y le da legitimidad a la obra. Tambin hay un peques, Basil Hery Liddle Hart. Este historiador presenta una perspectiva opuesta al de nuestro protagonista de la obra, pero a pesar de esto, se puede observar en la narracin, una simpatà ­a hacia Yu-Tsun lo cual hace convencer al lector de la à ­ntima relacin entre la confensin de Yu-Tsun y el hecho histrico descrito de la primera Guerra Mundial. Despus de la introduccin del tema y del personaje principal, la presencia del narrador se desvanece, y las narraciones son escritas en primera persona singular de Yu Tsun. Llegamos a comprender la historia de la obra cuando se produce la declaracin final de Yu-Tsun. Se entiende que su objetivo era el de comunicar el nombre de la ciudad ingls donde los alemanes debà ­an atacar. Yu-Tsun se las ingenia, matando un famoso sabio sinlogo ingls Stephen Albert, y asi cumple con su misin de indicar la ciudad que los alemanes debà ­an atacar. Por todo esto, podemos decir que la obra tiene una ironà ­a circunstancial ya que conocemos el final cuando en el momento de la culminacin de ...

Consummate Does Not Mean Commensurate

Consummate Does Not Mean Commensurate Consummate Does Not Mean Commensurate Consummate Does Not Mean Commensurate By Maeve Maddox The following comment by a professional journalist set me wondering if I had the wrong idea about the meaning of the adjective consummate: Bernie Sanders is talking real issues. The pundits that are giving Bernie Sanders a bit of coverage, though not consummate to the crowds he is attracting, are noting the authenticity of his prose. The adjective consummate [kun-SUM-it] and the verb consummate [KAHN-suh-mate], come from Latin words having to do with completion. The adjective derives from classical Latin consummÄ tus, â€Å"lacking nothing, complete, perfect.† The verb is from classical Latin consummÄ t-, past participial stem of consummÄ re, â€Å"to add up, make up, to bring to an end, finish off, to complete, finish, to achieve, accomplish, to perfect.† A â€Å"consummate liar† is one who is extremely accomplished in the telling of falsehoods. â€Å"To consummate a marriage† is to complete it with sexual union. â€Å"To consummate a business deal† is to complete such arrangements as signing contracts and transferring deeds. Try as I may, I cannot stretch any of these meanings to fit the context of the quotation given above. An adjective that would fit the context is commensurate [kuh-MEN-suh-rit or kuh-MEN-shuur-it], a word that comes from Latin commensuratus: com (together) + mensurare (to measure). The writer’s meaning is that the coverage of the speaker is not in proportion to the size of the crowds he attracts. The coverage and the crowds â€Å"do not measure up,† that is, the coverage â€Å"is not commensurate† with the crowds. A web search indicates that the error is not unique to the person who wrote the example that prompted this post: INCORRECT: Your high turnover rates are due to the fact that the amount of work demanded is not consummate to the pay offered.   CORRECT : Your high turnover rates are due to the fact that the amount of work demanded is not commensurate with the pay offered.   INCORRECT: The point Waddle was trying to make was Beckham’s ability was not consummate to his fame. CORRECT : The point Waddle was trying to make was Beckham’s ability was not commensurate with his fame. INCORRECT: The amount of money being run by on-the-ground event-driven managers in Europe is not consummate to the size of the market. CORRECT : The amount of money being run by on-the-ground event-driven managers in Europe is not commensurate with the size of the market. INCORRECT: AGL [Australian energy provider]cautions against proposals that will result in a significant cost imposition on ACT electricity consumers that is not consummate to the benefits provided. CORRECT : AGL [Australian energy provider]cautions against proposals that will result in a significant cost imposition on ACT electricity consumers that is not commensurate with the benefits provided. Used as an adjective, consummate means â€Å"complete† or â€Å"perfect.† It is usually followed by the noun it qualifies: â€Å"consummate actor,† â€Å"consummate politician,† etc. The adjective commensurate, â€Å"corresponding in size, extent, amount, or degree,† is conventionally followed by with (not to). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Useful Stock Phrases for Your Business Emails"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?â€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 8

Economics - Essay Example Basically, the Irish Government and European Central Bank are fixing a problem that has struck worldwide. In the end, the Irish economy will bounce back. As around the world, Ireland had a massive amount of bad bank debt. This bad bank debt has created a crisis within the Irish economy. This phenomenon has been worldwide. Banks have been making irresponsible loans, Irish banks were no exception. Kirby (2010: 4) reports â€Å"Government subsidies fuelled a frenzy of building around the country and banks lent recklessly to developers to buy land at grossly inflated prices and to customers to buy the houses and apartments built on this land at equally high prices.† When the economy was better, mortgage interest and collateral were seen as a win/win situation. However when the economy started taking a downward turn the banks began having too much collateral. Bankers do not want collateral, they want mortgage payments. Once these mortgage payments started to decrease, Irish banks started to fail. The banks were not tightly regulated before the recessions. Loans could be given on inflated prices. McCormick (2009) explains, â€Å"Overreliance on construction, cheap credit and securitization of housing loans exposed Ireland to a sharp reversal of economic activity. Irish housing prices collapsed and the banking sector faced losses and liquidity pressures.† The more given, the more the banks expected to receive. If regulations had been in place on how much could be loaned, property assessed correctly, and other common sense rules, the Irish economy might not be in a recession. McDonald and Moya (2010) reports: Hard-pressed Irish taxpayers are now rescuing the banks from the consequences of their greed and folly. In return, we must now insist that they go back to basic business, and that means keeping every fundamentally profitable company in business. As a result of the failing banks, the Irish Government and

One of the exhibits from San Francisco academy of science museum that Essay

One of the exhibits from San Francisco academy of science museum that relates to physical anthropology - Essay Example nt life forms is to gain a detailed understanding regarding the evolution of modern species of animals, including human beings, which posit a relation to physical anthropology. Additionally, the paper attempts to highlight the behavioral patterns of these life forms. Through these exhibits, it is possible to piece together evidence of man and the life he lived in the ancient times. Such evidence makes it possible to estimate the exact period in which the said hominid lived, the habits and lifestyle he was accustomed to, as well as other dynamics he faced. Through the study of Selam, it is possible to prove numerous facts concerning the existence of early man. The Academy has the remains of an ancient child by the name Selam. These remains belong to a three-year-old child of the Australopithecus afarensis species. The fossils of Selam were discovered in Dikika in Ethiopia, four kilometers from where Lucy was found. ‘Lucy’ is believed by many archeologists to be the mother of Selam.The vestigial remains found consists of an entire torso, plus the arms and legs. Further indications suggest that the remains of Selam were buried after an event of great significance such as a flood. At the time of her death, Selam already possessed visible characteristics of her species, and these were already distinctively noticeable. The postcranial skeleton of Selam brings about many questions as to how she was able to cope with the landscape that she was in. However, research suggests that she was a creature who walked on two legs. Many researchers question how she was able to walk bipedally because its upper body contained many primitive traits. The lower body, however, shows visible adaptations that proved capability to walk. Selam had legs that were built for walking and fingers that were built for climbing. Many features on the body of this species suggest that she was also an arboreal creature (Price, 2012). Further analysis of Selam suggests that she possesses shoulder

A Case Study of Two Entrepreneurs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

A Case Study of Two Entrepreneurs - Essay Example He is not only a hard worker but he finds the application of creativity to pure business solutions very invigorating. Because of his dedication to the industry he was awarded an OBE for services to the retail industry. He is keener in using skill and craft to come up with exclusive products and prefers to make simple dresses. He likes to work in a team. Conran’s designs are inspired by early garments of Coco Chanel and he is known for the elegant versions of the British tweed suits (Answers Corporation, 2010). He did not change his main collections every season and hence his garments were considered a long-term investment. He was a talented person but did not get the opportunity to expand to his fullest potential. Under a ten-year licensing agreement with the Marchpole Group Plc, Conran would be able to penetrate the European market with his menswear collection and expand the range to include accessories. However Conran did manage to position himself solidly in the British fashion scenario with clientele such as Diana, the late Princess of Wales. The motivation was from his father who too was a designer – Sir Terence Conran, known as the design guru (Donald, 2010). One of the top fashion designers, Conran has had a prosperous profession for the past twenty years (Mahalo, 2010). He was amongst the first designers to show at London Fashion Week. Over the years he entered into furniture, luggage, children’s wear, fragrances and fine bone china. Overall his collections personify sophisticated, authoritative lines. He started his career as a design consultant but within a year launched his own collections. He is the recipient of several awards in the fashion world. He has 45 different lines sold in 68 different countries (Roberts, 2009). Although he has it in his genes to be a designer like his father, but Conran did not find it easy to be the child of a living god who has to carve a place for himself in life. Conran has also entered

Assessing The Current Administration In Your Church Research Paper

Assessing The Current Administration In Your Church - Research Paper Example Administration and management describes to the organization’s individual processes and assists institution utilize their resources effectively. In our church, administration is all about growing the people. Administration is very important if the church has to realize its mission2. Church management or administration is an art, a gift, and a science. As an art, administration entails relational timing, intuition, and sensitivity. The skills of these artistic individuals are mostly natural talents but can be improved to some extent through training and experience. As a science, the management of church entails processes that can be learned through practice and study. In the book of 1 Corinthians 12:38, Apostle Paul defines administration as a spiritual gift. Various translations of the New Statement describe this gift with phrases such as forms of leadership, workers of spiritual power, power to guide, and governments3. Our church’s administration firmly believes in the leadership of the holy spirit even as the church relies on the direction of the church leaders. Good administration starts with the purpose of the church and attempts to assist the church in realizing its purpose. Church management and administration permits the church to yoke individuals and use material resources in an effective manner. It is important to states that administrative department of the church should consist of the following five purposes and they include human/personnel resources, accounts/finance, information technology (IT), and maintenance unit. Every purpose should entail a unit/team in the church for effectiveness and ease of administration. Thus, everything done in the church must follow the five purposes4. In our church, there are several departments/ministries including youth, children, ushering, worship, among others. The various ministries work together to achieve the five purposes mainly through the leaders and with the participation of the lay people. The strategic design of a church based ministry is a collection of all the strategic plans of the different departments or arms of the church. For instance, the children’s group leader should design a strategic plan (short or long-term plan) for children ministry. The plan is based on the vision that was offered to the pastor5. The rest of the strategic plans are brought together, discussed and agreed upon to be the action guide for the ministry to carry out its vision. As aforementioned, planning can be long or short-term6. In our church, plans are normally drawn by the church leaders that cover the activities to be done for the entire year. A church strategic plan can entail a strategic spiritual growth plan. This plan entails an understandable programme of events that enables the members of the church to grow spiritually. It is important to note here that the relevance of the programmes matters a lot. At times, it is better to list programmes for spaced growth of the people. Individuals do not grow through the church programs but by what they do at their homes through the teachings, they received7. Each ministry in our church normally comes up with a strategic plan for the spiritual growth of the church. These plans are discussed, ironed out and implemented by the church administration. Planning is thinking about how

Public Policy essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Public Policy - Essay Example of Afro Americans especially in America where slavery was rife were denied the right to equality and they suffered a heavy deal under oppressive systems that existed during those years. In a protracted struggle to fight slavery in America, various movements were established and among them was the â€Å"Civil Rights Movement† which referred to an extended period of American history in which African Americans struggled to become free of the tyranny of slavery where they also fought for equal opportunity and the protection of the civil rights guaranteed through the United States Constitution (Lovino 2008). Though the civil rights were guaranteed by the constitution, Afro Americans who were still under slavery unfortunately were still struggling to realise their rights. The movements for rights became rife around the late 1960s, a period which witnessed the passing of many laws supporting civil rights by the Congress and there was a shift in the ideology of Americans and racial politics in America (Boyer, 2001). Thus, according to the historical background of the fight for civil rights outlined above, a broad definition can be implied to sum up what civil rights are for the purpose of easier understanding. According to Cornel University Law School (2009), â€Å"a civil right is an enforceable right or privilege, which if interfered with by another gives rise to an action for injury. There are quite a number of examples of civil rights and they include the following: freedom of speech, press, and assembly; the right to vote; freedom from involuntary servitude; and the right to equality in public places.† On the other hand, Bodenhamer J. D. & Ely J.W. (1993) posit to the effect that discrimination occurs when the civil rights of an individual are denied or infringed on the basis of racial inequality caused by class structures. It can be noted that various statutes have been enacted to prevent discrimination in different countries as well as promote other civil rights

Lean Thinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lean Thinking - Research Paper Example Its adoption of this strategy seems to be the reason why this business organization has survived in a competitive business environment. Supply chain management is a strategy that is used to streamline all business operations to ensure that they occur at the least cost possible and in the most efficient manner. In a competitive market environment, the cost of a product dictates the attractiveness of a business and consequently the inflow of customers (Taylor and Brunt, 2001). The development of products right from the time when raw materials are acquired to the time the final product reaches the customer has a cumulative impact on the cost of the products delivered in market. Harrison and Hoek (2011) point out that understanding consumer behaviour is important for a business that intends to survive in a competitive market. This is the reason why the Starbucks Corporation has decided to develop its lean thinking strategy to model an effective supply chain. One lean strategy of the Star bucks was to reduce the employee motion by bringing products closer to the customers. The company has a team of lean thinking implementers who have engaged in developing strategies that will define an effective supply chain. Ms Jordan, a developer in the lean team noted â€Å"†¦. how much my partners were moving for things that were never at the same place †¦Ã¢â‚¬  and notes the much that was wasted while preparing a single cup of coffee (Jordan, 2009). In response, she advised the employees to place goods on top so that they can avoid the time wasted while bending. Also, she suggested that some essential ingredients be placed closer to the customer to ensure that every customer has access to the product without having the need for employees to supply them every time. Saving time was part of developing an effective supply chain that reduces wastage of time, an important resource in an organization. The strategy employed by Starbuck Corporation can be regarded as minimiza tion of waste of unnecessary motions. Harrison and Hoek (2011, P. 195) point out that if employees have to move, bend or stretch unnecessarily, this is a waste of time that would have been utilized in the productivity. The activities of the company benefited this organization in two dimensions. First, the organization was able to increase the amount of sales which directly contributes to the financial performance of the organization. Secondly, customers attach value to organizations that provide timely services without due wastage of time. In fast food companies where time is a factor, responding to customer orders in time assures an organization of loyalty from the customers. This is the idea that Scott Heydon when he engaged a strategy to minimize motion wastage in the organization. Jargon (Para. 15) points out that there was an increase in customer loyalty in Starbucks after the motion in this organization was minimized. In 2008, the customer loyalty changed from 56% to 76% betwe en April and June and the number of transactions increased by 9% during this time. Harrison and Hoek (2011, p. 60) provides that satisfying the customer value is a key business aspect that garners loyal customers and pulls new buyers. This kind of business trends is important for an

Assessing The Current Administration In Your Church Research Paper

Assessing The Current Administration In Your Church - Research Paper Example Administration and management describes to the organization’s individual processes and assists institution utilize their resources effectively. In our church, administration is all about growing the people. Administration is very important if the church has to realize its mission2. Church management or administration is an art, a gift, and a science. As an art, administration entails relational timing, intuition, and sensitivity. The skills of these artistic individuals are mostly natural talents but can be improved to some extent through training and experience. As a science, the management of church entails processes that can be learned through practice and study. In the book of 1 Corinthians 12:38, Apostle Paul defines administration as a spiritual gift. Various translations of the New Statement describe this gift with phrases such as forms of leadership, workers of spiritual power, power to guide, and governments3. Our church’s administration firmly believes in the leadership of the holy spirit even as the church relies on the direction of the church leaders. Good administration starts with the purpose of the church and attempts to assist the church in realizing its purpose. Church management and administration permits the church to yoke individuals and use material resources in an effective manner. It is important to states that administrative department of the church should consist of the following five purposes and they include human/personnel resources, accounts/finance, information technology (IT), and maintenance unit. Every purpose should entail a unit/team in the church for effectiveness and ease of administration. Thus, everything done in the church must follow the five purposes4. In our church, there are several departments/ministries including youth, children, ushering, worship, among others. The various ministries work together to achieve the five purposes mainly through the leaders and with the participation of the lay people. The strategic design of a church based ministry is a collection of all the strategic plans of the different departments or arms of the church. For instance, the children’s group leader should design a strategic plan (short or long-term plan) for children ministry. The plan is based on the vision that was offered to the pastor5. The rest of the strategic plans are brought together, discussed and agreed upon to be the action guide for the ministry to carry out its vision. As aforementioned, planning can be long or short-term6. In our church, plans are normally drawn by the church leaders that cover the activities to be done for the entire year. A church strategic plan can entail a strategic spiritual growth plan. This plan entails an understandable programme of events that enables the members of the church to grow spiritually. It is important to note here that the relevance of the programmes matters a lot. At times, it is better to list programmes for spaced growth of the people. Individuals do not grow through the church programs but by what they do at their homes through the teachings, they received7. Each ministry in our church normally comes up with a strategic plan for the spiritual growth of the church. These plans are discussed, ironed out and implemented by the church administration. Planning is thinking about how

Lean Thinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lean Thinking - Research Paper Example Its adoption of this strategy seems to be the reason why this business organization has survived in a competitive business environment. Supply chain management is a strategy that is used to streamline all business operations to ensure that they occur at the least cost possible and in the most efficient manner. In a competitive market environment, the cost of a product dictates the attractiveness of a business and consequently the inflow of customers (Taylor and Brunt, 2001). The development of products right from the time when raw materials are acquired to the time the final product reaches the customer has a cumulative impact on the cost of the products delivered in market. Harrison and Hoek (2011) point out that understanding consumer behaviour is important for a business that intends to survive in a competitive market. This is the reason why the Starbucks Corporation has decided to develop its lean thinking strategy to model an effective supply chain. One lean strategy of the Star bucks was to reduce the employee motion by bringing products closer to the customers. The company has a team of lean thinking implementers who have engaged in developing strategies that will define an effective supply chain. Ms Jordan, a developer in the lean team noted â€Å"†¦. how much my partners were moving for things that were never at the same place †¦Ã¢â‚¬  and notes the much that was wasted while preparing a single cup of coffee (Jordan, 2009). In response, she advised the employees to place goods on top so that they can avoid the time wasted while bending. Also, she suggested that some essential ingredients be placed closer to the customer to ensure that every customer has access to the product without having the need for employees to supply them every time. Saving time was part of developing an effective supply chain that reduces wastage of time, an important resource in an organization. The strategy employed by Starbuck Corporation can be regarded as minimiza tion of waste of unnecessary motions. Harrison and Hoek (2011, P. 195) point out that if employees have to move, bend or stretch unnecessarily, this is a waste of time that would have been utilized in the productivity. The activities of the company benefited this organization in two dimensions. First, the organization was able to increase the amount of sales which directly contributes to the financial performance of the organization. Secondly, customers attach value to organizations that provide timely services without due wastage of time. In fast food companies where time is a factor, responding to customer orders in time assures an organization of loyalty from the customers. This is the idea that Scott Heydon when he engaged a strategy to minimize motion wastage in the organization. Jargon (Para. 15) points out that there was an increase in customer loyalty in Starbucks after the motion in this organization was minimized. In 2008, the customer loyalty changed from 56% to 76% betwe en April and June and the number of transactions increased by 9% during this time. Harrison and Hoek (2011, p. 60) provides that satisfying the customer value is a key business aspect that garners loyal customers and pulls new buyers. This kind of business trends is important for an

The Whistleblower Protection Act Essay Example for Free

The Whistleblower Protection Act Essay The Whistleblower Protection Act was designed to provide legal safety measures to individuals occupying positions in the federal government who reveal questionable and unlawful operations within the government agencies.   The Act thus shelters the employee that has disclosed the information so that he will remain protected from any biased actions that may be executed by his superiors in that particular government agency.   This protection is a special precautionary measure that is well compensated in order to maintain the employee status of truthfully reporting the illegal activities that should be investigated by the government. The Whistleblower Protection Act was drafted to include four approaches to activate protection as a whistleblower.   Firstly, the employee who wishes to disclose a questionable operation of another member of the government agency may file an appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board of his particular agency.   Another approach may be to request for the protection from the special counsel of the government agency. Protection may also be requested through the appeal for individual protection per se.   An employee may also request for whistleblower protection through grievance procedures, wherein the employee reports the grievances and hardships he experiences after he discloses information regarding the illegal operations that he has observed within the government agency.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Whistleblower Protection Act was carefully designed so that not every employee that reports an incident will be immediately protected based on the features of the Act.   Such careful implementation of the protection act was established because it is important that only deserving individuals are provided with the protection that is needed and not all individuals who express their â€Å"concern† over an activity will be safeguarded from any associated reactions that may be given by the employee that is being reported (Wilmot, 2000). The Whistleblower Protection Act is therefore established to proceed initially with an investigation regarding the disclosure that was submitted by an employee.   In addition, the disclosure should be properly endorsed by the head of the office where the employee is working for.   Should this endorsement be absent, the Whistleblower Protection Act will not be implemented.    The present Whistleblower Protection Act is thus available to all federal employees, both those in active duty and those who have retired or resigned, and even those employees who are in the higher positions.   A few positions in the federal government, such as those involved in making agency policies, are not covered by the Whistleblower Protection Act, as well as those employees working at the postal office and the Central Intelligence Agency.   The employees of the Federal Bureau of Investigation are also not provided with the features of the Whistleblower Protection Act.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A revelation that is presented by an employee should be evaluated to be of substantial information that is well-proven to positively violate the laws and policies of the government agency.   Any violation may be associated with the wrongful management of the government agency or a substantial squandering of government funds.   In addition, any misuse of an official of his powers over the government agency may also be considered as disclosed information by which may activate the Whistleblower Protection Act and be implemented to protect the employee that has disclosed the violation. Other issues that are deemed worthy of activating the protection act may include any information that may cause harm to the general public, such as safety and sickness.   Once the disclosure has been submitted by the concerned employee to his supervisor, this report should be submitted to the head of the government agency.   As soon as this disclosure report is submitted to the head of the government agency, the Whistleblower Protection Act should be discussed with the employee who has reported the violation of another employee.   The features of the protection act should be comprehensively explained so that the employee will understand how the protection act works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Whistleblower Protection Act was also designed in order to amend an earlier act which was known as the Civil Service Reform Act.   The amendment was based on the modification of the term disclosure in the older reform act and this was replaced by the newer protection act that pertains to any type of report so that employees may have the liberty to report any misuse and abuse of authority within the government agency.   The protection act was also devised to prevent any forms of hindrance that would inhibit the employee from his disclosure of the information he knows with regards to the illegal activities that he observes within the government agency.    There are only a very few cases wherein the Whistleblower Protection Act was not provided to an employee who, after thorough investigation by the appropriate review of the government agency, has discovered that the disclosure that the employee was submitting was based on his goal of acquiring personal gain and benefit.   It is thus important that a meticulous and detailed investigation of the disclosure be performed first before any other measure is performed.   Should the review committee find that the disclosure of the employee does not serve any beneficial purpose but for the employee’s personal gain alone, subsequent actions and the corresponding implementation of the Whistleblower Protection Act will not be exercised.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Whistleblower Protection Act has also experienced a few issues with regards to the technicalities of its design and implementation.   One of the most reviewed and discussed technical issue about the protection act is the phrase â€Å"any disclosure.†Ã‚   The word â€Å"any† was intentionally included in the definitions of the protection act in order to include all forms of reports and does not prematurely filter any disclosures and this has been designed in order to collect as much reports as may be submitted.    The selection and review of the reports are thus handled by the review committee which is mandated to thoroughly study all reports and disclosures that are submitted to them.   The main basis for identification of a valuable disclosure that is submitted by an employee is the fact that the disclosure shows equitable certainty that a mismanagement or abuse of authority or operation is occurring within the government agency. Equitable certainty of the disclosed information is mainly based on the good faith that is shown by the employee reporting the incident.   The Whistleblower Protection Act is also designed wherein an employee may report to any of his superior officials within the government agency, allowing freedom for the employee to report the information he carries with trust and confidentiality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It should be understood that the Whistleblower Protection Act will only be implemented if the employee is reporting a specific gross mismanagement or misuse of authority by another individual in the government agency.   Should the review committee find that the employee is only disclosing an insignificant amount of questionable activities, the review committee will then provide ample time for the employee to gather more information about the other employee being reported and at the same time will monitor the actions being executed by the employee being reported. Should there be a new additional report regarding the questionable employee, the disclosing employee will immediately be given protection from any probable harm that he may experience during his occupation at the government agency.   The information being disclosed will also be made confidential within the government agency because this secured information will affect the condition of the employee within his workplace (White, 2006). Protection to the employee may include the prevention of any actions that are associated with his position, including any reassignment to another office, termination and even promotion to a higher position.   Such changes in the position of the employee who has disclosed any information on the mismanagement or misuse of another employee is thus unlawful and should be protected by the Whistleblower Protection Act.    References White SM (2006):   Confidentiality, no blame culture and whistleblowing, non-physician practice and accountability. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol.   20(4):525-43. Wilmot S (2000):   Nurses and whistleblowing: The ethical issues.   J. Adv. Nurs.   32(5):1051-7.

Managing Multicultural Team Diversity

Managing Multicultural Team Diversity The purpose of this work is to illustrate literature that suggests that member of multicultural team brings all new fresh ideas and approaches to problem solving. Those members however come up with a challenge by also introducing different understandings and expectations regarding team dynamics and integration (Ochieng and price 2009). Dealing with the question of how being attentive to the diversity and creating the structure required for success, a manager can effectively work and same time influence multicultural team diversity. This paper uses a case study of heavy construction engineering projects and its Findings identifies key multi-dimensional factors that either facilitated or limited the effectiveness of multicultural teamwork. The result has implications for managers who work with multicultural teams and are committed to improving team performance and productivity (Ochieng and price 2009). However, it revealed key dimensions to consider but it would not instantly transform multicultural teams into high-performing ones. Originality/value Though the benefits of multicultural teams have been acknowledged, the study helped to develop an understanding that conflict, misunderstanding and poor project performance can occur because of the cultural differences among teams (Ochieng and price 2009). Introduction: While diversity efforts have the potential to strengthen organizational effectiveness and efficiency, and to advance social justice, study has shown that realizing the full benefits of diversity is neither a simple nor a straightforward process. It is quite another to develop a supportive work environment that enables people of diverse backgrounds to perform at their highest levels, contribute fully to the organization and feel professionally satisfied. It is an even greater challenge to integrate fully the varied knowledge, experiences, skills, creativity, perspectives and values that people of diverse backgrounds bring into an organizations strategy, goals, work, products, systems and structures. (Adle and Gundersen 2008) Managing diversity is an on-going process that organises various talents and capabilities which a diverse population bring to an organization, community or society, so as to create a wholesome, inclusive environment, that is safe for differences, enables people to reject rejection, celebrates diversity, and maximizes the full potential of all, in a cultural context where everyone benefits (Rosado 2006). Results have shown advantages and disadvantages (Williams and OReilly 1998, Chevrier 2003). In fact, workforce diversity isnt a competitive organisational strength unless its effectively managed. Allard (2002) founded that diversity itself does not guarantee greater success in business nor does it guarantee qualitative social and creativity improvements. Ancona and Caldwell (1992) explain that difficulty of merging different cognitive styles, attitudes and values, such as those found in teams with diverse members. Diversity if not well managed can create internal processes that slow decision making and keep members distracted from the task. Teams made up of individuals from different thought-worlds may find it difficult to develop a shared purpose and an effective group process. (Worman 2005) The general motivation in growing use of teams is the degree of diversity in the workforce of multicultural organization; multicultural team provides an efficient and flexible way to coordinate production requiring a diversity of skills, talents, and information (Eckel and Grossman 2005) Team diversity may permit greater productivity than could be achieved by individual effort as no individual possess all task-related characteristics necessary to achieve the desired goals. The cross-fertilization possible in a diverse work team leads to more creativity; diverse teams are more effective (Northcraft et al., 1996). Literature review: The emergence of globalization means organizations no longer rely upon the traditional teams. There is a need of people from different cultural background to work together to make global enterprises succeed in the global marketplace (Steers Nordon, 2006) they also founded that Multicultural teams provide an open opportunity to integrate widely differing social, cultural, and organizations perspectives into key decisions that affects the success of all international operations(liaqat et al 2008) The management and development of teams within a global context unavoidably leads to a consideration of diversity and related challenges. For appreciation of international context and development of abilities to understand everyday issues from different cultural perspectives it is essential that managers receives help form organisations. Bartlett and Goshal (1989) identified the main challenge facing organisations intending to work overseas as the introduction of practices, which balance global competitiveness, multinational flexibility and the building of global learning capability. The authors further argued that if organizations have to achieve this balance, they must develop cultural sensitivity and the ability to manage and build future capabilities. The worlds most innovative firms, such as Microsoft, took advantage of diversity by introducing multicultural teamwork as (Ely and Thomas, 2001) diversity increases the number of different perspectives, styles, knowledge and insight s that the team contributes to organizations complex problems. However, team integration requires organisations to value explicitly multicultural teamwork, to adapt to it and use it to generate improvements in work performance and team effectiveness. There are literatures on cultural diversity which examines team members, demographical backgrounds and other such relevant factors to their diverse cultural characteristics, values and discernments ([Ansari and Jackson, 1996].As confirmed by McLeod and Lobel (1992) multicultural team generates more high quality ideas in brainstorming tasks, and when it comes to identifying and solving problems culturally diverse teams perform better than homogenous teams Jackson et al. (1992). And a better utilization of multicultural team by organization yields significant gains in productivity Townsend et al. (1998). For example, Ng and Tung (1998) a multi-branch financial services firm with culturally diverse team gained more financial profits than t o their culturally homogenous counterparts. More recently, Marquardt and Hovarth (2001) established that if the energy and synergy of individuals from diverse culture are managed, organisations could generate creative approaches to problems and challenges that are faced by corporate teams in tasks, they provide their significance for organizations in international marketing activities, expertise to decision making and managerial actions, a greater possibility to implement the decision in a timely manner, there is limited empirical evidence that decision consensus actually leads to decision implementation speed or success (Preim et al 1995). Multicultural Teams in few cases reach to a consensus on a decision by overcoming conflicts but at time of implementation they still face problems, Alternatively when groups smooth over task related disagreements decision consensus suffers because of the remaining latent conflicts among the group members (Preim et al., 1995). Findings of certain studies reveal that communication in multicultural teams fosters the formation of an emergent team culture. Team culture has a straightforward rules, performance expectations and individual perceptions upon which multicultural team develops and depends. Earley and Mosakowski (2000) further confirmed shared individual prospects facilitate communication and team performance resulted from strong emergent culture of effective multicultural team. This also suggests that the performance and team effectiveness can be improved and boosted through the positive effect and trust generated by the perceived shared understanding. Most importantly, the formation of strong emergent team culture can be facilitated by effective interaction among team members Pearson and Nelson (2003). Nonetheless, as multicultural teams are particularly susceptible to communications problems this can affect team cohesion. Individuals in multicultural teams can have different perceptions of the envi ronment, motives and behaviour intentions. Shaw (1981) argued that due to impeded social cohesion the effects of such differences could result in lower team performance. Further research by Evans and Dion (1991), on these two variables showed a positive correlation. Even Elron (1997) asserted that cohesive teams are more efficient and respond faster to changes and challenges. Generally the most common challenge to multicultural teams is Managing cultural differences and cross-cultural conflicts (Elron, 1997). The main cause of conflict is the cultural issues among team individuals because working style of each culture is significantly different from other culture and other reasons are misunderstanding and poor performance (Shenkar and Zeira, 1992). As (Pearson and Nelson, 2003 found there is five important distinctive challenges that managers face are: developing team cohesiveness; maintaining communication richness; dealing with coordination and control issues; handling geographic distances and dispersion of teams; and managing cultural diversity, differences and conflicts). Because of the distinct perception managers from different countries have on environmental opportunity they are likely to translate and respond differently to the same strategic issues or team tasks. To address rapidly changing and complex nature of working environment multicultural teams must improve their ability to combat such external challenges. The sense of belonging to a group gives a growing feeling of safety and comfort to team member in return can enhance the response to task challenges (Schein, 1985). Case study: E.G. Ochieng and A.D.F. Price caries out interviews to the eight organisations that were selected, operated in the energy, pharmaceutical and petrochemical sector. The selected organisations were well balanced in terms of size, status and projects managed, where 20 of the participants interviewed were picked on the basis of project management experience with each having long-standing familiarity in managing large and complex projects over a period of many years, Being familiar with cultural issues empowers project leaders with the requisite knowledge for improving the efficiency of managing multicultural project teams. Addressing the poor performance of multicultural project teams remains an aspiration within the construction industry (Baiden, 2006 Baiden, B.K., 2006. Framework of the Integration of the Project Delivery Team. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Loughborough University.Baiden, 2006). There is mounting evidence and opinion indicating that integrated teamwork is a pri mary key in efforts towards improving product delivery within the construction industry (Egan, 2002). There is a growing trend towards discussing cross-cultural complexity more openly within the construction industry as the demand for international construction projects with multicultural project teams have been exceeding, same time to examine if cross-cultural complexity and cross-cultural communication can be effectively managed, before exploring the effective management of multicultural project teams. The finding shown, that all team member need to trust and understand each other in order to achieve a fully integrated multicultural project team. It is also evident that when it comes to carrying out project tasks all participants favoured collectivism over individualism. The research established that communication in the multicultural teams is a significant factor in the successful completion of heavy construction engineering projects. It is essential for project leaders to ensure that the nature of the interactions do not affect the strength of the relationships between project teams and their ability to transfer knowledge and information required to complete project tasks successfully. As substantiated from the findings, project leaders need to implement a clear and robust procedure of resolving conflicts that might arise. Participants further acknowledged that in a multicultural project team, individual achievement is not valued in a collectivist culture; whereas in an individualistic project team it is one of the most important values. Thus, in a collectivist project team, even though the project leader might play the most important role in successful realisation of a project task, reward is often given to all team members. The consensus that emerges in this study is that a collectivist culture in heavy engineering projects emphasizes the importance of team effort to success, and is not likely to attach failure to an individual person even though this pe rson is the project leader. From the above, four key factors has been identified by the authors that influence multicultural project teams at team levels. These were cross cultural communication, cross cultural collectivism, cross cultural empathy in project leadership and cross cultural trust. What needed to be well understood is that the effective structure of a multicultural project team depends on a well structured integration system, between the client, project manager and the project team. As illustrated by the two groups in this study, the culture of a project manager plays a major role in how the project team will perceive cross-cultural communication on projects. Evaluation: Katzenbach and Smiths have outlined three team goals in his model of team basics: performance results, personal growth and collective work products. Management sets the Measurable performance in order to give the team a rationale to exist. The individual as they have the responsibility for personal growth, they must align with and contribute to the teams goals. The last is collective work products instead of individual products. To achieve all three goals team needs skills, commitment and accountability. To master the assigned tasks Problem solving, technical, functional, and interpersonal skills are necessary. The teams sense of responsibility culminates in accountability for the assigned tasks. Furthermore, only the collective unit not the individual will be responsible for the teams collective product succeeds or fails in fulfilling expectations. Finally, the individuals commitment is important when conflicts, difficult tasks or other critical situations arise. Study by several authors found that Power Distance moderates the relationship between participation and organizational commitment whereas; resistance moderates the impact of culture on satisfaction and commitment (Kirkman and Shapiro 1997). Katzenbach and Smiths model has two more dimensions; the collective and individual dimensions. According to agency theory (eraz and Earley, 1993), individual tends to maximize his self-interest, and accordingly faces a dilemma when working in organizations. Triandis (1995a), and later Eraz and Earley (1993), found that individualists performed better alone than working in an ingroup or outgroup. Conversely, collectivists work better in an ingroup than in an outgroup or alone. This shows how the degree of heterogeneity is not the only determinant of performance. The involved cultures and their characteristics must be considered to assess whether the team is likely to perform well. Conclusion: multicultural team encounter specific problems that can be summarized in three categories: attitudinal problems (mistrust, stress), perceptual problems (stereotyping, tension) and communication problems (Adler, 1991:) however, cross-cultural teams are more effective at generating ideas (enhanced creativity, more alternatives, better solutions) and display limited groupthink (critical evaluation of diverse ideas, self censorship). With the findings of the case study it has been concluded that if the maximum benefits are to be obtained from multicultural team, it is imperative that these negatives should be overcome by proper managerial initiatives. Team managers need to know how to ensure successful behaviour integration among diverse group members (Wright and Snell 1999; kreitz 2008)HR managers must ensure that team managers have adequate training to help them develop needed skills in the emotional aspects of group management, intervention techniques, communication, and team building so that they can manage diverse work teams effectively. Effective teamwork requires members to recognize the team as a unit with common goals, values, and norms (Lembke and Wilson, 1998). The more that team members identify with one another, the more likely they are to believe they hold similar goals, values, and norms, and the more willing they will be to cooperate and work together as a team.( Cummings 2004; Kreitz 2008) Managers must remember that not all sources of diversity in work groups enhance the value of knowledge.87. Jonathon N. Cummings, Work Groups, Structural Diversity, and Knowledge Sharing in a Global Organization, Management Science 50 (2004), p. 360Different diversity characteristics should be chosen to enhance team performance and should be aligned to the teams purpose and goals. An individual who perceives herself as a member of a team is more likely to perceive the fate of the team as her own (Ashforth and Mael, 1989). This commonality is more likely to be recognized if team members are, or perceive themselves to be, of the same social category.