5 Tips for a Great Email Subject Line

5 Tips for a Great Email Subject Line 5 Tips for a Great Email Subject Line Writing a great marketing email or newsletter is one thing. Encouraging your subscribers to open said email is another thing entirely. As such, you need a great subject line. But how can you create a subject line that will boost open rates? Our top tips for a great email subject line include: Keep email subject lines short and simple (ideally, six to ten words). Tailor subject lines to suit your brand, audience and goals. Personalize each subject line using your customer information. Avoid words and phrases that trigger spam filters. Use A/B testing to refine your email subject lines. For more detail on optimizing your email subject lines, read on below. 1. Keep It Short The best email subject lines are usually short and simple. In fact, subject lines between six and ten words long generate the highest open rates. Thus, you need to set out what the email is about in clear, concise terms. Sometimes, this simply means getting straight to the point: Here, the subject line is simple, but it tells the recipient exactly what they need to know. And that is often enough! In other cases, you may need to tempt the recipient to open the email by setting out a time-limited offer or asking a question: Even in these â€Å"tempting† subject lines, though, a punchy message will usually work best. If nothing else, you risk losing part of the sentence with a long subject line. And if you do use a longer subject line, you will therefore need to front load the important information: In the email above, for example, the subject line was long enough that the browser did not display the whole message. But the most important detail – Save up to 75% on Weekly Sale – is right at the start, so the sender could be sure that all recipients would read this information. 2. Think About Your Audience and Goals No single â€Å"style† will suit every email. Instead, the best approach for each subject line will depend on your brand voice, audience and goals. The first two of these – brand voice and audience – go hand in hand. After all, your brand should reflect what your customers expect from your business. So, if you’re running an entertainment news website aimed at a young audience, you might pack your email subject lines with slang or emoji. But the same approach may not be appropriate for mailing an accountant’s client list. Dated slang is another hazard for try-hard accountants. Similarly, an email subject line should reflect your aims. Are you trying to convert new subscribers into customers? Remind existing customers of a deadline? Provide news about your business? In any case, think about how you can tailor the email subject line to help achieve your goal. 3. Personalize Each Subject Line Adding a personal touch to an email subject line can boost open rates. This may include any number of the following: The subscriber’s first name (e.g., the LinkedIn email above). Mentioning products or services that reflect the user’s past purchases. Sending a greeting or offer on the user’s birthday. Localizing emails based on a subscriber’s address. How you approach personalization will depend on your business and the information you have on your subscribers. But people are much more likely to open an email if they feel it was written for them. 4. Avoid the Spam Filters If your emails end up in the Spam folders of your subscribers, nobody will read them. So to stop this happening, you should try to avoid words and phrases that sound â€Å"spammy† in your subject lines. This does include some fairly obvious terms – a subject line that says EARN  £Ã‚ £Ã‚ £ FROM HOME TODAY!!! is not likely to get past any spam filters. But it can also include innocuous phrases such as â€Å"great deal† or â€Å"compare rates,† so make sure to check a list of spam trigger words. 5. Test Different Subject Lines Finally, A/B testing is a great way to refine your email subject lines over time. This involves sending two versions of the same subject line to different parts of your subscriber list and seeing which generates the best results. And these results are specific to your business. Thus – whatever other companies are doing and whatever the marketing blogs are saying – you will get to know exactly what your customers respond to, letting you target them more effectively.

Cop in the Hood Essay Example

Cop in the Hood Essay Example Cop in the Hood Paper Cop in the Hood Paper Setareh Salehi Cop in the Hood Peter Moskos‘, Cop in The Hood, is the story of a sociologist going native by going through the Baltimore police academy, becoming a cop and working for over a year. The book follows Moskos chronological journey, from the academy to the street and the last part of the book is dedicated to a pretty thorough analysis of the War on Drugs. The first interesting observation from Moskos’s work is his analysis of the police academy as relatively useless for the job: â€Å"So what’s the point of the academy? Primarily, it’s to protect the department from the legal liability that could result from negligent training. To the trainees this appears more important than educating police officers. † And second, despite the lax approach toward academics, instructors were very concerned with officer safety, the aspect of the job they emphasized most: â€Å"The most important part of your job is that you go home. Everything else is secondary. † This philosophy is reinforced at all levels of the police organization. Formal and informal rules concerning officer safety are propagated simultaneously. By the end of the academy, less than half the class saw a relation between what police learn in the academy and what police need to know on the street. A strong antimedia attitude, little changed from sociologist William Westley’s observations in the 1950s, grew steadily in the police academy. At the end of training, just 10 percent of trainees believed that the media treat police fairly. After six months in the academy, trainees learn to: * Respect the chain of command and their place on the bottom of that chain. Sprinkle â€Å"sir† and â€Å"ma’am† into casual conversation. * Salute. * Follow orders. * March in formation. * Stay out of trouble. * Stay awake. * Be on time. * Shine shoes. † But Moskos’s conclusion is that the training actually demoralizes trainees even before they start working on the streets. Physical training is not boot camp and provides a poor preparation (after all, most officers will spend their days in their patrol car) , and academic training does not really impart knowledge and does not encourage thinking. Once training is over, the bulk of the book follows Moskos on the beat, on the Eastern side of Baltimore and the constant contradictory demands placed on officers (between following a very strict military-style chain of command and having to make quick decisions). In that sense, the book is also a good study of the necessity of developing informal rules in in highly formal, bureaucratic environments. Working around the rules is the only way to keep the work manageable and within the limits of efficiency and sanity. But for Moskos, the gap between formal and informal norms is especially wide in policing. They constantly have to innovate while on patrol because the rules do not work on the streets (of course, some officers do lapse into ritualism especially in a context where protecting one’s pension is the concern all officers have and that guides their behavior on the street). These informal rules are constantly at work whether it comes to stopping, frisking, searching, arresting, writing reports. In all of these aspects of the job, covering one’s butt and protecting one’s life and pension are paramount concerns. This means that officers actually have quite a bit of leeway and flexibility when it comes to their job. These  informal  norms are described in details in Moskos’s book and there is no underestimating their importance. Once on the streets, police officers mix a culture of poverty approach to â€Å"these people† (the communities they are expected to police, where gangs and drugs culture produce poverty with quite a bit of eliminationist rhetoric that reveals an in-group / out-group mentality between police officers and civilians: â€Å"A black officer proposed similar ends through different means. â€Å"If it were up to me,† he said, â€Å"I’d build big walls and just flood the place, biblical-like. Flood the place and start afresh. I think that’s all you can do. † When I asked this officer how his belief that the entire area should be flooded differed from the attitudes of white police, he responded, â€Å"Naw, I’m not like that because I’d let the good people build an ark and float out. Old people, working people, line ’em up, two by two. White cops will be standing on the walls with big poles pushing people back in. † The painful universal truth of this officer’s beliefs came back to me in stark relief during the flooding and destruction of New Orleans, Louisiana. Police in some neighboring communities prevented displaced black residents from leaving the disaster area, turning them away with blockades and guns. † That in-group / out-group outlook also involves dehumanization and stigmatization: â€Å"In the ghetto, police and the public have a general mutual desire to avoid interaction. The sociologist Ervin Goffman wrote, â€Å"One avoids a person of high status out of deference to him and avoids a person of lower status . . . out of a self-protective concern. † Goffman was concerned with the stigma of race, but in the ghetto, stigma revolves around the â€Å"pollution† associated with drugs. Police use words like â€Å"filthy,† â€Å"rank,† â€Å"smelly,† or â€Å"nasty† to describe literal filth, which abounds in the Eastern District. The word â€Å"dirty† is used to describe the figurative filth of a drug addict. It is, in the drug-related sense, the opposite of being clean. † The â€Å"dope fiend† becomes the loathed representative figure of all this. But the dehumanization applies equally to them and the dealers. In that sense, there is no sympathy for the people who have to live in these communities and have nothing to do with the drug trade. They are put in the same bag. And whatever idea of public service trainees might start with tends to disappear after a year on the streets. And quite a bit of what goes on in the streets between police and population has a lot to do with forcing respect and maintaining control of the interaction: â€Å"Although it is legally questionable, police officers almost always have something they can use to lock up somebody, â€Å"just because. † New York City police use â€Å"disorderly conduct. † In Baltimore it is loitering. In high-drug areas, minor arrests are very common, but rarely prosecuted. Loitering arrests usually do not articulate the legally required â€Å"obstruction of passage. † But the point of loitering arrests is not to convict people of the misdemeanor. By any definition, loitering is abated by arrest. These lockups are used by police to assert authority or get criminals off the street. † And, of course, the drug dealers also know the rules and become  skillful  at working around them, avoiding arrest, challenging the police authority and have structured their trade accordingly. It would indeed be a mistake to look at this illegal and informal economy as anything but a trade structured around specific rules hat take into account having to deal with the police and the different statuses of the actors involved in the trade reflect that: * lookouts have the simplest job: alert everyone else of police approach, * steerers promote the product, * moneymen obviously hold the money for the transactions, * slingers distribute the drugs after money has been exchanged * and gunmen protect the trade. The transaction is therefore completely decomposed into steps where money and drugs are never handled by the same person while the main dealers watch things from afar, protecting themselves from legal liabilities. For most of these positions, the pay is not much better than fast-food joints, but that is pretty much all there is in these  urban  areas. Of course, just like everything in the US, there is a racial component to this. The drug trade is not a â€Å"black thing† (like mac and cheese as Pat Robertson would say) and it has its dependency theory taste: â€Å"The archetypal white addict is employed, comes with a friend, drives a beat-up car from a nearby blue-collar neighborhood or suburb such as Highlandtown or Dundalk, and may have a local black drug addict in the backseat of the car. A black police officer who grew up in the Eastern District explained the local’s presence, â€Å"White people won’t buy drugs alone because they’re afraid to get out of the car and approach a drug dealer. They’ll have some black junkie with them. † The local resident serves as a sort of freelance guide, providing insurance against getting â€Å"burned† or robbed. The local addict is paid informally, most often taking a cut of the drugs purchased. † The complete mistrust between the police and the community is also a trademark of impoverished urban environments. And indeed, what would residents gain by interacting with law enforcement and the court system? At the same time, police work is arrest-based (the more the better) which officers all understand to be futile. For Moskos, part of the problem with policing was the advent of policing-by-patrol-car: â€Å"The advent of patrol cars, telephones, two-way radios, â€Å"scientific† police management, social migration, and social science theories on the â€Å"causes† of crime converged in the late 1950s. Before then, police had generally followed a â€Å"watchman† approach: each patrol officer was given the responsibility to police a geographic area. 5In the decades after World War II, motorized car patrol replaced foot patrol as the standard method of policing. Improved technology allowed citizens to call police and have their complaints dispatched to police through two-way radios in squad cars. Car patrol was promoted over foot patrol as a cost-saving move justified by increased â€Å"efficiency. 6 Those who viewed police as provocative and hostile to the public applauded reduced police presence and discretion. Controlled by the central dispatch, police could respond to the desires of the community rather than enforce their own â€Å"arbitrary† concepts of â€Å"acceptable† behavior. Police officers, for their part, enjoyed the comforts of the automobile and the prestige associated with new technology. Citizens, rather than being encouraged to maintain communi ty standards, were urged to stay behind locked doors and call 911. Car patrol eliminated the neighborhood police officer. Police were pulled off neighborhood beats to fill cars. But motorized patrol- the cornerstone of urban policing- has no effect on crime rates, victimization, or public satisfaction. † This has encouraged a detachment of officers from the communities they police. Quick response time becomes the goal and officers spend time in their car waiting to be â€Å"activated† on 911 calls. The only interaction between officers and residents is limited to such 911 call responses, which can all potentially lead to confrontations. But that is still the way policing is done and the way it is taught at the academies, guided by the three â€Å"R†s: * Random patrol: give the illusion of omnipresence by changing patrol patterns * Rapid response: act quickly, catch the criminals (doesn’t work) * Reactive investigation: solve crimes rather than prevent them But the institutional context very poorly accounts for the interaction rituals that guide the interaction between officers and residents: â€Å"Police officers usually know whether a group of suspects is actively, occasionally, or never involved with selling drugs. Some residents, often elderly, believe that all youths, particularly those who present themselves as â€Å"thug† or â€Å"ghetto,† are involved with drug dealing. If police respond to a call for a group of people known not to be criminals, police will approach politely. If the group seems honestly surprised to see the police, they may be given some presumption of innocence. An officer could ask if everything is all right or if the group knows any reason why the police would have been called. If the suspects are unknown to a police officer, the group’s response to police attention is used as the primary clue. Even with a presumption of guilt, a group that walks away without being prompted will generally be allowed to disperse. If a group of suspects challenges police authority through language or demeanor, the officer is compelled to act. This interaction is so ritualized that it resembles a dance. If temporary dispersal of a group is the goal, the mere arrival of a patrol car should be all that is needed. Every additional step, from stopping the car to exiting the car to questioning people on the street, known as a â€Å"field interview,† is a form of escalation on the part of the police officer. Aware of the symbolism and ritual of such actions, police establish a pattern in which a desired outcome is achieved quickly, easily, and with a minimum of direct confrontation. Rarely is there any long-term impact. When a police officer slows his or her car down in front of the individuals, the suspects know the officer is there for them and not just passing through on the way to other business. If a group of suspects does not disperse when an officer â€Å"rolls up,† the officer will stop the car and stare at the group. A group may ignore the officer’s look or engage the officer in a stare-off, known in police parlance as â€Å"eye fucking. † This officer’s stare serves the dual purpose of scanning for contraband and weapons and simultaneously declaring dominance over turf. An officer will initiate, often aggressively, conversation from the car and ask where the suspects live and if they have any identification. Without proof of residence, the suspects will be told to leave and threatened with arrest. If the group remains or reconvenes, they are subject to a loitering arrest. Police officers always assert their right to control public space. Every drug call to which police respond- indeed all police dealings with social or criminal misbehavior- will result in the suspect’s arrest, departure, or deference. † And a great deal of these interactions are also guided by the need, on both sides, to not lose face, be seen as weak or easily punked. These interactional factors may often determine whether an officer gets out of his car or not, sometimes triggering contempt from the residents. So, officers tend to like car patrols as opposed to foot patrols which are tiring, leave one vulnerable to the elements, and potentially preventing crime. Rapid response is easier and more popular with officers. People commit crimes, you get there fast, you arrest them. Overall, Moskos advocates for greater police discretion and more focus on quality of life issues as opposed to rapid response while acknowledging that this is not without problems. I don’t think there ever was a time of policing where communities and law enforcement worked harmoniously together for the greater good. But the bottom line, for Moskos, that the current War on Drugs is a massive failure and a waste of resources (and Moskos does go into some details of the history of drug policies and enforcement in the US, a useful reminder of the racialization of public policy) and should be replaced by a variety of policies (not all drugs are the same) with three goes in mind: * preservation of life (current policies increase the dangerous nature of drugs) * reduce incarceration save money (through reduced incarceration, depenalization and taxation). I think that the poor economy is to blame for drug dealing to be the main source of income for the residence. I believe if the city spent the money it spends on arrests and prosecutions on creating a better environment instead, then the problems would dramatically decrease. If there were after school programs or recreational facilities where the entire community could benefit from, the level of drug sales and abuse would drop. If there were new businesses created in the city, people wouldn’t turn to selling drugs or at least the majority would turn away from the drug dealing business. I also think that if drugs were legal and the residents wouldn’t get arrested for having a small amount of drugs, the relationship between cops and residents would improve.

Implications of RFID technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Implications of RFID technology - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to discuss different applications of RFID technology and its implications on our society. RFID technology can change the way people realize business. Stores can create smart money cards that customer can use to realize their purchases. An industry that utilized RFID to create solution that customers wanted is the water park recreational industry. The enterprise Interlock created RFID tags that can be used by customer to open up lockers and to serve as smart money cards to replace the need to carry cash in the recreational water parks (Lock’em Up, 2010). The smart tags can also be used in these theme parks to identify the age and body specification of children such as height which may prohibit a child from using certain park rides. In the cellular industry companies have the capacity to insert RFID tags inside the mobile phones so that the devices can be used for payment system applications. The integration of the telephony and banking industry can further promote consumerism in the marketplace. Companies in the logistics business can use RFID tags to tag valuable assets in order to know its location at all times. The tags can be used for security purposes. The prices of the tags have come down a lot which has permitted many companies to take advantage of its applications. In the apparel industry company can keep better track of its inventory which can enabled firm to optimize sales during peak seasons. The total spending in RFID supply chain application in 2007 was approximately $1 billion (Ftc, 2005). Due to value of information many libraries across the United States and Europe are tagging their books with RFID technology. The use of RFID provides manager with a greater level of inventory control precision. This information can be used to improve their purchasing cycles. Some people believe that RFID

Managing the Multinational Firm Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing the Multinational Firm - Research Paper Example A good example of this is bankrolling a retreat for legislators while threatening to relocate. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). Multinational corporations are able to affect the lives of the ordinary citizens through, among other things their products and employment policies. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). Their preference for employing workers under contract rather than permanent terms, for instance, has led to the emergence of 'permanent casuals', individuals employed under contract terms for their entire productive lives. Also multinationals are no longer the preserve of the industrialized west. They are emerging from the less developed nations and spreading their reach worldwide. The bulk of material in this paper has been sourced from written references and covers companies in different countries and operating environments. The paper will look at the obstacles and consequences of a company having a presence in several countries. It will also study the people factor a s reflected in cultural differences and work ethic. The question of administering operations both local and overseas and competitive advantage is also considered. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). As a manager of a multinational company I one has access to huge sums of money due to economies of sale and access to a very large market. The manager can also raise capital on international equity market. This enables the company to invest heavily in research development capital goods and employee development. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). These will in turn lead to further increase in revenue. Innovations will lead to an improvement in living standard in countries where the multinational has a presence. The multinational will also create employment through growth of support industries to supply the multinational with raw materials. The multinational will also boost foreign exchange reserves in the home country generated by exports. With its presence alone the multinational will raise the bar for national producers and force them to raise he standards of their goods. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). Multinational corporation also purchase local firms by way of investment exposing their goods to a wilder market and profiting the original entrepreneur e.g. Google's purchase of you tube multinational companies also boost trade as most world trade is between companies in the process they facilitate spread of technology and also act as a conduct for local firms to get their goods onto the international market. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). Multinational firms also provide technological know how, same of which requires large capital investment. The sums involved may be out reach a government but quite reasonable for a multinational company. They may also have the technology and simple pass it on. By investing in other countries they are able to capitalize on the knowledge gained and test it more thoroughly in different scenarios other than those already a encounter. Daniels, Sullivan & Radebaugh (2006). Reputable multinationals can also allow private individuals or small business to benefit from their size reputation and accumulated expenses agreements.

A Strategic Plan of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Essay

A Strategic Plan of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Essay Example From the report it is clear that the disadvantages experienced in strategic planning of institutions of higher learning will also be mentioned and analyzed, as they will be relevant in this review. Besides, the pros of strategic planning with reference to the plan of the institution will be discussed in various ways. An overall analysis of how an institution can exhibit the balance between the planning and achieving a sustainable quality improvement will also be done. All these analyses will be specific to the Hong Kong polytechnic university in relation to the learnt concepts, strategic planning, and management. As the study declares strategic planning can be defined as a way in which an organization establishes a way forward for its efficient operations. As such, this should be in a given order depending on the context of application. In this case, the application of the plan is in an institution of higher learning. This document, therefore, is focusing on the ways in which an organization can be managed through strategic planning. An analysis of the model of the plan will be done and views as per other professional suggestions given. The review of the main aims of the institution in general in relation to the arrangement of various departments will also be done. It is certain that the organization of reference here is a perpetual institution. Thus, the strategies put in place to ensure its long term existence and operation in line with the objectives will be looked into.

Strengths To The Tourism Industry In Greece Tourism Essay

Strengths To The Tourism Industry In Greece Tourism Essay Secondly, Greece has a family-friendly environment, making it ideal for tourists of all nationalities and creeds. One of the factors that contribute to this is its hot, dry Mediterranean climate, with an average of 290 days of sunshine a year. The capital city, Athens, has an average of only seven days of rain during summer and daytime temperatures in the low thirties  [4]  . These ideal climate conditions make it more accessible for tourists to experience the plethora of outdoor activities that are available, from swimming at Greeces picturesque beaches and yachting, to more rigorous activities such as mountain climbing and long-distance trekking to see some of the countrys most ancient landmarks and artefacts in the most inconspicuous locations. Finally, Greece has a sense of individuality and uniqueness to it. In comparison with other European countries that may claim to have a long history, Greece has one of the oldest civilisations and cultures outside of the Middle East. Infact, many historians perceive Greece as the cradle of Western civilisation, as well as the origin of democracy, the Olympic games, Western literature, political science, Western philosophy, and major scientific and mathematical principles  [5]  . This is validated by the fact that 17 UNESCO World Heritage sites  [6]  can be found around the country. Therefore, many foreigners see the countrys rich culture and history as a major attraction that intrigues them and inspires them to visit Greece. However, amidst the current strengths in tourism industry are some weaknesses and barriers to the tourism industry development. One of the strengths mentioned earlier has also proven to be a weakness: climate, or more precisely, seasonality problems. Mediterranean climates are characterised by hot and dry summers, and also have mild and wet winters. The peak season for travel to Greece is May-September, which is further supported by the fact that an overwhelming 75% of all tourists who travel to Greece travel during this period  [7]  . That means only a paltry 25% of the tourists travel between October-April. Although the cooler months in Greece dont have sub-zero temperatures like its other Eastern European neighbours, the large amount of rain the country receives during this period serves as a deterrent for people who enjoy outdoor activities and sightseeing. Therefore, the revenue levels of a lot of local businesses that rely heavily on tourism decrease substantially during th is period of time. Another major weakness is the lack of public transport infrastructure and accessibility. While countries such as Singapore, Japan, United Kingdom and Germany have reputable public transport systems; it is a hassle to travel to some of the most majestic and beautiful parts of Greece. This is because the country as very spread out and the population density, when compared to its European counterparts, are very low, ranked 115th in the world with 85.7 people per square kilometre  [8]  . A lot of people may see the public transport infrastructure as a negative, because they want to travel between locations with minimal complications. Other major weaknesses and barriers include marketing and management. Although countries like France and Germany have managed to modernise themselves despite their long histories and have made themselves more cosmopolitan and attractive to younger people, Greece has, to a large extent, chosen to remain stuck in the past and relied heavily on its 3500+ year history to promote its tourism industry. This is an obstacle when it comes to targeting potential tourists who may not have the same level of appreciation for things related to historical matters. In other words, Greece tourism promotion and marketing hasnt evolved with the times, leaving potential tourists with a fixed stereotype of the country and hence little opportunity for surprise. The weaknesses and barriers to the tourism industry development lead to an issue that may benefit the Greek tourism industry as a whole: what are the opportunities to enhance the tourisms economic contribution? Well, as one of the weaknesses mentioned earlier, there is an opportunity to improve the public transportation. An improvement in this area could lead to a vast increase in tourism for the Greek Islands off the mainland of Greece, and overall, an increase in tourism for Greece. Places such as Mykonos, Crete, Rhodes and Kassos could all experience a large inflation in tourist numbers, hence leading to increased revenues and profits for the local businesses in those respective areas. Continued improvement in infrastructure and technology will also go a long way towards enhancing the tourisms economic contribution. Giving the country a modern appeal will help to counteract the weakness mentioned earlier about Greeces outdated marketing techniques in the area of tourism promotion. Finally, a decrease in accommodation prices may lead to an influx of tourists. As we know, not everyone can afford to stay in four or five-star accommodation. In 2009, Athens was named the city with the 10th most expensive hotel prices in the world, with the average hotel in Athens costing AUD $321 a night  [9]  . This price is deemed to be very expensive for people in the middle and lower-class income brackets and may deter them from visiting Greece in the first place. Affordable accommodation may be able to break the mindset that Greece is an expensive place to travel. There are various threats that need to be overcome, in order to enhance Greeces reputation as a safe and hospitable tourist destination. The first issue is riots. Major riots occurring in December 2008  [10]  and more recently, May 2010  [11]  , have tarnished Greeces reputation as a safe destination. This has had adverse effect on the tourism industry, with pre-bookings being down 8% for the peak-season in comparison to last year. With tourism being absolutely pivotal to Greeces economy, equating to 17% of its Gross Domestic Product, any sharp decline in this amount could be detrimental to the Greek economy on a whole. Also related to the issue of safety are two terrorist attacks that occurred last year  [12]  13. Environmental pollution is another threat to the tourism industry that needs to be confronted. This problem emanates back to the 1970s  [14]  , when rapid industrialisation began to take place in Greece. This industrialisation culminated in serious air pollution in Athens during the 1980s. Smog (carbon monoxide) and exhaust fumes from cars became prevalent in Athens and even resulted in 87 industries and 73 factories being order to cease production  [15]  , due to the governments concerns over the effects the pollution was having on peoples respiratory systems. The widespread ramifications of this problem dont stop there. Various species of mammals, reptiles, birds and freshwater fish are on the brink of extinction because of failure to minimise the pollution5  [16]  . The issue of political intervention appears as a threat to the tourist industry. The recent riots in May 2010 were the result of protests against the governments austerity decisions to combat the countrys large sovereign debt levels  [17]  18. Countries with political instability and countries that impose austere decisions, which are likely to lead to civil unrest, make the country less attractive to foreigners and hence will find it very difficult to attract potential tourists. So far, we have discussed the current strengths, weakness and barriers of the Greek tourism industry, as well as potential benefits and threats that could either enhance or decimate the industry. Combining the main points discussed in this research, we can extrapolate implications for specific strategies of industry, government and the community to enhance the economic impacts of tourism in Greece. In our opinion, we believe there are three main implications. Firstly, there should be a strategy to consolidate on the profitable and competitive Greek tourism industry, both in the short-term and more importantly, long-term future. Possible techniques to achieve this objective include improving the marketing and promotion, aim to increase levels of tourism and try to promote different types of tourism to appeal to a wider variety of people. Improvements in these areas should lead to a considerable increase in revenues and profits for businesses in Greece that rely on tourism and will allow Greece to maintain strong percentages of tourism in its GDP (as mentioned earlier, 17% of GDP in the Greek economy is derived from the tourism industry). Secondly, there should be an increasing need to cultivate and maintain Greek tourist destinations and attractions, which thereby will lead to economic prosperity in the future. This strategy is concerned with improving the environment, public transportation infrastructure, general infrastructure and decreasing pollution. By improving the standard of public facilities, making transport more accessible for tourists and improving legislation to decrease pollution, not only will it appeal to more potential tourists, but furthermore, Greece will develop a reputation as a nation that cares for the general wellbeing of people and will take the respective measures to make a tourists experience as enjoyable and pleasant as possible. Finally, there should be a strategy for improving the general satisfaction of tourists. This may be achieved through improving general services and also promoting different types of tourism for the people of varying economic backgrounds. For example, the Greek tourism industry should promote certain holiday packages for the higher-income earners who may want to experience a bit more extravagance and luxury, packages for families with small children, packages for those who are on a budget and so on. Certain types of lifestyles (attributed to the amount of money the tourist is willing to spend) should be targeted to achieve this objective.

Abusive Relationships and Domestic Violence :: Violence Against Women Essays

Domestic violence describes a situation where one person in a relationship is using violence to control and dominate another person. Domestic violence victims and their batterers cut across all socioeconomic, demographic, and professional lines. It is an epidemic that is emphasized particularly with the female gender. While physical assault is often times the most common form of abuse, it is important to acknowledge that other forms of abuse are just as detrimental. Often times, fear and isolation are particularly powerful in preventing women from leaving a violent relationship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Domestic violence is a common crime in America, especially amongst the female gender. Studies indicate that nearly one-third of American women (31 percent) report being physically or intimately abused by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their lives (Commonwealth Fund Survey, 1998). Domestic Violence towards women is a problem in the United States that is usually over looked and almost always not noticed by Society today. Violence is defined by the Riverside Webster's Dictionary (p.755) as: 1. Physical force employed so as to damage or injure. 2. As an instance of violent action. If this is the case than why is it that so many women are beaten by loved ones each year and little or nothing is done to correct this violent and hostile situation?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The battered woman is pictured by most people as a small, fragile, haggard person who might once have been pretty. She has several small children and is frequently assumed that she is poor and from a minority group. She is accustomed to living in violence, and her fearfulness and passivity are emphasized above all. Although some battered women do fit this description, research proves it to be false stereotype(Walker p.18). In fact most battered women have highly lucrative jobs such as doctors or lawyers, Corporation executives and nurses. Battered women are found in all racial, religious and ethical backgrounds as well as age groups and educational levels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Statistical information on domestic abuse commonly notates that women in intimate relationships are amongst the greatest risk. Statistics also revealed that domestic abuse is the leading cause of harm amongst females of all races that usually involve a weapon. "Approximately one in four attacks involved the use of a gun or knife,† according to a studies. Young, black and Hispanic women were especially vulnerable, as were poor single women with low education levels who lived in inner cities.

John Bowlby

In the introduction to one of his many books, John Bowlby quotes Graham Greene; ‘Unhappiness in a child accumulates because he sees no end to the dark tunnel. The thirteen weeks of a term may just as well be thirteen years. ’ It is quite clear that John’s childhood was not a happy one. He experienced many years of separation from family and it can be connected as to why he developed the theory of attachment. Edward John Mostyn Bowlby, known as John Bowlby, was born in 1907 in London as the fourth of six children. His parents were Sir Anthony Bowlby and Lady May Bowlby.John Bowlby was from an upper class wealthy family. They raised their children to be strong with strict discipline. Showing signs of affections or emotions were looked to be a sign of weakness. His father was a surgeon and was gone most of the time and only saw his children on Sundays. His father also served in WWI, so was absent for quite some time. Bowlby’s mother was not active in her sonâ €™s life. She, like most upper class woman, thought that spending time with the child or showing affection towards the child would spoil them.Bowlby, therefore, only saw his mother for a short time each day. It seemed that the only time he was able to spend with her was after dinner during tea time (â€Å"John Bowlby- Child and Adolescent,† 2006). She has been described as being cold and reacted to his needs in the very opposite way that one would expect a mother to. John and his siblings were raised by a nanny, which was common within the upper class. The nanny was there until he was 4 and then left. John was sent to boarding school when he was seven. He later went to the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth.He decided at one point that military school was not for him and attended Trinity College in Cambridge. He studied medicine, which eventually lead him to studying psychology and graduating in 1928. While studying his psychology at Trinity he took time off, spending six mon ths in a school for maladjusted and delinquent children. He later referred to this as the most important six months of his life. While there, he noticed how many of the children had lost their mothers at a very young age. Bowlby was particularly interested in what happened around separation.Rather than going straight into clinical school, he spent a year teaching in two boarding schools, including one for disturbed children. Their early disrupted childhoods intrigued Bowlby, and he decided to combine his medical training with psychoanalytic training. Through his training and studies he became interested in what happened around separation. He and his colleagues observed young children in a hospital and noted their intense and prolonged distress when their parents had not visited. They also did home visits with the children and noticed that the relationship between the mother and child was under stress for weeks or longer.In 1950, Mary Ainsworth joined Bowlby and remained a close and influential colleague throughout his life. Bowlby introduced modern day psychology to the importance of mother-infant relationships and their dynamics (McLeod, 2007). Bowlby extensively reviewed then-current material on institutionalized children separated from parents and came to the conclusion that in order for a mentally healthy adulthood, the infant and child should be surrounded with a warm and intimate relationship with their mother.This bond between the two then would give satisfaction and joy to both parent and child. With this information, Bowlby realized that the current explanation from Freud that infants love their mother because of oral gratification was wrong. His new theory stated that infants are social from a very young age, 6 months to less than two years old. The infants become focused on a particular individual or a few individuals. Bowlby's aim was to discover the consequences of difficulties in forming attachments in childhood, and the effects this would have o n an infant's later development.He came up with the idea that infants develop a close emotional bond with an attachment figure early in life, and that the success or failure of this earliest of relationships lead the infant to form a mental representation that would have profound effects on their later relationships and their own success as a parent (â€Å"Attachment Theory,† 2011). Although Bowlby was raised in a traditional way for upper class people one could come to the conclusion that the lack of relationships can be damaging. His theory emphasizes the importance of the mother and infant bond.Bowlby’s relationship with his own mother seemed to be negative. When he did have an interaction with her, it was in short periods of time. The only relationship he had with his mother was, therefore, negative. He received no attention or affection from his mother. He also never received attention from his father, who I think could be a figure in infant’s life if the m other is not there. This relationship was also negative. The upper class did not view affection in a positive light. As an infant John was never able to form this attachment to his mother or father for the matter.He did, however, form a deep bond with his nanny. His nanny is the person who raised him and his siblings. It was common for upper class children to form a deep bond with their nannies. They seemed to be the mother or replacement mother. Unfortunately, during a crucial the developmental age of four, John’s nanny left. John has been known to say that this event was tragic and it was like losing a mother (Holmes, 1993). Not having another mother attachment figure then after his nanny left was a negative.Losing a mother figure at such a young age would leave a child not understanding what happened. One would feel lonely and have trouble coping with things later in life. His nanny was the only mother figure he had. To only have that attachment for such a short period of time I feel that it most likely left John wanting more, like most young children would. I feel that because John never had a long or lasting mother to form that attachment with it led him to find interest in this area when he was older.In his studies it was obvious that he was always drawn to children who suffered the same feelings as he did. Many of the children John studied did not have the mother and infant attachment. John was able to recognize this. He always seemed to be intrigued by kids had the same upbringing as him. I feel that it was his connection with these children is what gave him the desire to examine them further. It showed me that he had those feelings as well. John had clearly suffered and most likely was always searching for a reason has to why he felt the way he did.His theory of attachment, I feel, is a true result of his background. I feel that if John had formed an attachment with his mother he never would’ve had any interest in attachment. When someon e feels that there is a lack of something in their lives they tend to either bury the feelings or dig deeper and come to the route of the problem. John came to the route of the problem and helped develop a theory for mothers and infants around the world, but also for him.

French Webquest

French Webquest Language classes are as fun or as boring as the teacher and students make them. Grammar drills, vocabulary tests, and pronunciation labs are the basis of many successful language classes, but its also good to incorporate some creative interaction, and projects can be just the thing.A webquest is an interesting project for French classes or for independent studiers looking to spice up their self-instruction. This project is perfect as a long-term activity for intermediate and advanced students, though it can also be adapted for beginners.ProjectResearch various topics related to French, to be shared as a paper, website, and/or oral presentationInstructions Decide whether students will work individually or in groupsReview my list of potential subjects, below, and decide whether students will choose their own topic(s) or be assignedExplain the purpose of a webquest: to gather information via the internet that will be shared in whatever format(s) the teacher chooses. If a website is desired, consider having students use the PowerPoint templates provided on Abouts Presentation Software site, which are accompanied by detailed, step-by-step instructionsExplain about plagiarism and the importance of citing sources. For example, students are welcome to link to any of the material on this or other websites, but should not copy text to their own sites or in their papers.Pass out a list of required/optional sections, the desired length, and any other guidelinesStudents do the webquest, then write up reports, create websites, and/or prepare oral presentationsAfter all presentations, students could write a summary or comparison of other presentatio ns TopicsTopic(s) can be assigned by the teacher or chosen by the students. Each student or group can do an in-depth study of one topic, such as the Acadà ©mie franà §aise, or a comparison of two or more topics, such as the difference between the Acadà ©mie franà §aise and the Alliance franà §aise. Or they might choose several topics and just answer a few questions about each of them. Here are some possible topics, with a few basic questions to consider - the teacher and/or students should use this just as a starting point. Acadà ©mie franà §aise: What is this organization? When was it created? Has its purpose changed over time?Alliance franà §aise: What is this organization? When was it created? Has its purpose changed over time?Celebrations and Holidays: What are some important holidays in France and other French-speaking countries? How do they compare to your countrys holidays?Differences between French and English: What are some key differences?Fluency: What is fluency? Why is it hard to define?French in English: How has French influenced English?French-Speaking Celebrities: Choose several celebrities and explain why they speak FrenchFrench Gestures: Are any similar to those in your country? Are any the same gesture with a different meaning?Introduction to French: How did French evolve? What languages is it related to?Jobs Using French: What kind of work is speaking French useful for?Living Working in France: How can a person live and work in France?Moroccan Culture: What are some interesting as pects of Moroccan culture? Is there anything shocking?La Nà ©gritude: What is Nà ©gritude? How and where did it evolve? Who were the trois pà ¨res? Who were some other key participants?Register: What are the various French registers? Provide examples of words in each oneThe Rude French: Are the French rude? Why or why not? Where does this stereotype come from?Spanish vs French: How are they similar/different? Is one easier than the other?Translation and Interpretation : What is the difference? How are they similar?Verlan: What is it?What is French? Facts and Figures: Where is French spoken? By how many people?What Is the Best Way to Learn French?: Compare and contrast the various methodsWhy learn French: How can it help you? Notes The collective webquests will offer an extensive collection of material about French, which can be shared with other teachers, parents, and potential students.

Franz Joseph Haydn Biography essays

Franz Joseph Haydn Biography essays Franz Joseph Haydn was born on March 31st, 1732, in Rohrau, Austria near Hungary. His father, Mathias Haydn, was a wagoner and a sexton at his parish and his mother, Elizabeth, was a simple and humble woman. During the evening Mathias would play the harp, and Elizabeth would sing to their children. One day, his father noticed him scraping two sticks of wood against each other simulating a imitating a violin. His father was determined to give his son as much musical training as he could. He had asked the choirmaster, Johann Mathias Frankh, to teach the six-year-old boy the violin and harpsichord. After two years he was taken into the choir at St. Stephens Cathedral, Vienna, where he sang from around 1740 to 1750. The chapel-master, Reutter, neglected and often mistreated young Haydn. When Haydn turned 17, his voice broke, being of little use to the church. He was eventually dismissed from the choir, and bitter days followed for Haydn. He had no money, no friends, and no home. He was forced to sleep in the streets the first night away from the church. Then one of his peers from St. Stephens pitied him, and gave him temporary shelter. Soon after, he found some pupils and a few engagements as a violinist. He also studied much of Philip Emanuel Bachs sonatas. In a short while, he had composed a mass, which attracted some attention, bringing in some commission. Then, Haydn became acquainted with a famous singer, Michael Porpora, who worked for the Venetian ambassador to Vienna. Porpora made Haydn his accompanist, and through this, Haydn got the opportunity to meet several magnificent composers in Vienna. Joseph Haydn composed his first string quartet in 1755, in which he inherited this form of composition from Boccherini. This form of composition intrigued Haydn, and for the next few months he composed one string quartet after another. After listening to these quartets, von Furnberg recommende...

Development of Arab Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Development of Arab Film - Essay Example However, the Quran does not have instructions on the subject giving Arab cinema creators a chance to come up with pieces that include a man and beast character. The cinema producers are prohibited by Islam from using images that are works of Satan. The minor religious objection led to the development of film in Arab. Symbolism is used to develop relations between characters and the plot of the films. Traditional Arab culture did not recognize symbolism in both fine arts and literary genres such as classical poetry ( Shafik 61). Lack of symbolism recognition in Arab films then paved way for western film influence. The films began to integrate symbols into Arab’s literary creations. The process brought meaning to symbols used in Arab fills that would depend on different elements to fix images. The influence of western films came in to teach the directors how to come up with symbols with unambiguous statements. The major forms or elements of popular theatre in Arab films include performers, audience, director, theatre space, design elements, and dramatic action personified in the text. The elements were initially developed by the activities of the actors, actresses, and directors who combined effort to create plays with public appeal. For instance, a play such as Kish Kish bey was adapted for the film but the play was a success due to a combined effort of the stars (Shafik 72). The films were directed for Arab and international audience after World War II. The dramatic actions, design elements, and arrangement of theatre space were influenced by elements of European theatre.  

Will Youtube be the new Academy of Arts Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Will Youtube be the new Academy of Arts - Article Example It gives billions of individuals a chance to â€Å"discover, watch and share originally created videos. It is a virtual forum where people can connect, inspire and connect with others from around the world and it also acts as a platform on which creators of original content can show their material (30). Alexa, a company that classifies websites according to popularity and usage, has continually ranked YouTube among the top five global websites. It lies on the same wavelength as websites such as Google and Facebook in terms of global popularity (Burgess and Green 12). The power of YouTube as a video sharing channel has elicited wide ranging opinions from scholars and social network experts. Uploading videos on the site is easy and free. It offers a wide range of video categories such as gaming, animation, news, entertainment and many others. Since the advent of YouTube many people who were little known outside their neighborhoods and schools became famous because they were able to upload and show the world what they had to offer (Cheng, Dale and Liu 144). Researchers believe that the potential of YouTube as a means of talent discovery is not going to fade any time soon. However, it is generally agreed that one does not have to become famous simply by adding his or her video on YouTu be, there has to be some level of creativity to go with it (Burgess and Green 43). Most of the people who have posted their videos on You Tube and ended up becoming famous for doing that include Jackie Evancho, Maria Aragon who is a 10 year old singer, Edwards Gould who is a world famous animator and there is of course the sensational Justine Bieber, the Canadian child superstar who has taken the music world by storm. Bieber was discovered on YouTube after his mother posted some videos of himself singing. Jackie Evancho is also a child superstar whose talent was discovered on YouTube. She finished second on the fifth season of the popular show ‘America’s