Global Business Strategy

Global Business Strategy Introduction The purpose of this business report is to analyze and evaluate Google, Inc’s marketing strategies through using several technical business models. The analysis and evaluation should explain how the business has achieved its phenomenal growth and outline whether the current strategies used are appropriate to help the organization continue with its future strategy.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Global Business Strategy Google Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It’s essential to understand the current intentional position of the company before appropriate strategies can be recommended and implemented. Thus, a professional investigation should reveal the following; the internal environment (strengths and weakness) and the external forces such as political and economical. Through understanding this breakdown, the current strategic position and management can be explained and understood tho roughly. Company Overview Google is an internet-based Multinational Corporation that earns profit through advisement and development of internet-based products. It was founded by two students from Stanford University namely Sergey Brin and Larry Page in 1996 (New York Times 2007). As time passed by, the need to develop a relevant search engine on the internet became more apparent. The two PhD students registered the new search engine as Google, Inc in 1997. In 1998, it was incorporated as a private company until 2004 when it was held as a public company (Anon 2010). It is also simple and almost everyone who is internet literate can use Google to search anything over the internet. The term ‘Google’ was derived from ‘googol’ which refers to the use of a search engine to obtain information on the internet. Google, Inc derives most of its revenue through the use of advertisements. Since 2004, its stock price rose to $500 in 2007 with its revenues from advertisi ng rising tremendously every year. Its initial market was valued at 1.7 billion dollars but has increased substantially to over 150 billion dollars. Its success has been triggered by the many acquisitions it has had, which gives room for more innovations (New York Times 2007). Since its inception, Google has acquired over 30 individual companies, for instance, in 2003, it acquired Applied Semantics, Inc which made advertising easy and further developments were made on the advertising campaigns (Slawski 2007). In 2006, it acquired Writely. Later the same year, Google acquired YouTube for 1.65 billion dollars. Double-click was acquired in 2007 at 3.1 billion dollars.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was a large advertising company which was also a threat to Google in terms of competition. However, since it was acquired, there has not been much development as wou ld have been expected because of anti-trust issues that arose. In the same year, Tonic systems were acquired (Slawski 2007). Services and Products that Google Offers The company mostly offers free software, with some few exceptions. This software form the basis for end-users services which attract a large number of audiences, consequently attracting a large number of advertisers. As noted earlier, 99% of Google’s revenues come from advertising services, such as the use of AdSense, and AdWords. Google Adwords display advertisements which are relevant to the context of each specific web page. To place advertisements on AdWords, the advertising companies make some payments to Google. On the other hand, in AdSense, it is Google which pays publishers to entrench Adsense into their sites. It is worth noting that both AdWords and AdSense contain similar advertisements, the only difference is that when users click on advertisements in Adsense, the publishing company is paid whereas i n AdWords it is the users who pay Google for their adverts to be included on Google’s pages (Anon 2010). Other types of products offered by Google are two pieces of hardware referred to as the Google mini and the Google search Appliance. Google mini is preferred by small companies while medium and large companies prefer the other hardware. However, both hardware are borrowed by companies for easy searches within the company intranet, while others use them commercially on their websites. Most of Google’s products and services are offered for free which include but not limited to Gmail, YouTube, Docs spreadsheets, Google finance, and Google maps. Google is an innovative company and it is always developing new products and programs as it deems necessary. Market Analysis Google occupies almost 50% of the market share of all the search companies on the internet. Some of these companies are a threat to Google in terms of competition. For instance, Yahoo is one of the bigges t competitors and it occupies about 28% of the market share while Microsoft lags behind it with 10%. Other competitors are Ask.com and AOL, which occupies 5%market share combined (Slawski 2007).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Global Business Strategy Google Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the products offered by Yahoo are almost similar to Google’s products, although Google offers a wider variety of products and services than yahoo. Most of Microsoft’s products are on software and operating systems although it also offers search and limited online services. Google has been able to withstand competition in the ever growing global market because of its internal development and acquisitions of major companies. It is likely that Google will expand most of the products and services it is offering today in order to compete favourably in different markets in all types of products and services including software and web-based services. PESTEL analysis Political factors Government regulation of the internet services Taxation policies Regulation on excess capacity The world is in the process of employing a free trade policy whereby the market is the one that determines the price in the market as well the products to be supplied. The global financial crisis has compelled countries of the world to relax their trade barriers. This is good for the company since it can expand in other many countries. This will increase the market base (Shane 2003). Economic Factors affecting GDP – employment, inflation, government More disposable income –profitable countries amplify service demand High investment from foreign shareholders Competition In the past decade the economy of the world has been on the low pace with many countries recording a negative rate. The world has recorded a positive rate since the great depression Era. Even if the rate today is not so good there is hope and thus a risk taker can as well diversify its business. Socio-cultural Lifestyle trends and consumer preferences Demographic changes Leisure activities Increased spending The attitude the people has towards Google products is that they are of high quality and are reliable. They are however willing to trade with current technologically improved products (Shane 2003). There are no threats as far as the social environment is concerned if the correct technology is adopted. Technological Innovation capacity Changes in technology Improved infrastructure As stated earlier, there is a change in technology in the world. Technology is not stagnant and more is expected in the future (Atrill and Mclaney 2004). The competitiveness of the company will be dependent on the efficiency of technology that it will implement. Environmental Net work problems in some regions Poor terrain Legal Technical standards Competition regulation Licensing and patent rights The important thing is t o comply with the laws and regulations, which are set.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The external forces described above can help in the determination of the Google’s market growth (or decline) and the implication of its strategic business unit. If an economic recession occurs, the economic forces would have a considerable bearing on the future market strategies through ripple effects on the political and socio-cultural factors. Political factors put a restriction on the development of the industry by putting tough taxes and regulation requirements (Slowman and Sutcliffe 2004). Marketing Strategy Identifying the customer needs and exceeding them is achieved through several factors; Price Competitive international pricing strategy (Mowen 2004). Price-wars over internet products Price-ranges (customers select services the price range that suit them). Limit pricing strategies Promotion Cross-advertising advantage (vertical integration) Acquisition of smaller companies – boosts international promotion brand name Service promotion through corporate ima ge (efficient quality products) Products / Services Diversified range of internet products and services. Inter-linked products for customer use (Mowen 2004). Delivering the content that customers desire (identifying customer preferences and delivering it to them) Place Open market operations (expansion through acquisitions) Effective distribution channels through advanced technology Accessible (i.e. virtually every place) Online media content (worldwide access) People Skilled sales team to advertise, promote, and distribute services Effective allocation of H.R. (Correct people for the job) Google’s Superior Marketing Strategy Google’s superior marketing strategy complements its mission statement and has seen its product being well positioned in the market. The company’s reputable brand name is a source of competitive advantage as it lures customer traffic. It offers clean and user friendly products and services that attract a large number of end-users. M ost of its web pages are easy to use compared to other search engines. By a single a click, a user is able to access the information he is seeking for whereas other search engines provides complicated procedures. It does also provide relevant results on specific pages making it easy for end-users. This can be termed as Google’s superior marketing strategy that has enabled it to hold its current position. On top of easy to use services, it provides a wide variety of free products and services which increase its end-users (Slawski 2007). By efficiently controlling its cost drivers, Google has developed a cost and differentiation advantage over its competitors through: A high degree of technological innovativeness Economies of scale and scope in ability to reach customers Maximization of resources and capacity Linkages between value chain activities Interrelated business units Vertical integration Strengths and Weaknesses Strength Effective management– training, motiva ting reviewing staff. Also outsourcing Marketing power growth- strong brand creation through cross-promotion. Strong balance sheet- stable liquidity average debtor/creditor days reduced. 4. Tax advantage in different countries- lower corporate taxes. Strong capital base Strategic expansion through customer-focused innovations and acquisitions High turnover growth A strong market strategy Strategically placed to fight competition A strong brand name and good reputation among customers Weaknesses Lack of a well thought future market strategy High cost structure Lack of a succession plan Google Company’s strength is ventured in its strong brand name that is internationally recognized. There is a wide recognition of its products in all parts of the world. The strength of the company is undoubtedly engineered by its internal managerial mechanisms. In order to have a competitive edge in selling its product and services, it will be advisable for the company to take advantage o f its ability to compete favourably with equal players in the market (Hooley and Saunders 1993). Porter’s 5 Forces (Analysis) Porter came up with a structure for determining competition in an industry. His argument was that in every industry, there are at least five competitive forces which establish the nature of competition within that industry. These 5 forces are examined under: Buyer’s (bargaining) power Buyers determine the way products move. It is through buyers that a company realizes its competitive advantage in the market. Google has the following buyers’ power. High Buyer Concentration- leads to price wars high competition (Ketels 2006) Short Contracts- Buyers can switch to alternatives rapidly Inexpensive switching costs- customers can switch-over effortlessly Backward Integration- threat removed since industry is diversified Competitive Rivalry in the Industry Within an industry, there are businesses which compete with each other for the available market share. These businesses either specialize in the production of similar products or differentiated products (Ketels 2006). Google’s rival firms compete with one another on the basis of: Quality Performance High exit barriers Little product differentiation High investment intensity Though the company offers high quality and low cost services, there is still great rivalry in the industry as products are close substitutes to each other. Threat of Substitutes A substitute product is a product that meets the same needs as those met by a product produced by the industry. Google’s products have many substitutes in the market offered by the competing companies such as Yahoo and Microsoft. Threat of Entry This depends on the number of entry barriers available. The higher the entry barriers, the fewer the number of competitors will be in the industry. Google enjoys the following barriers: Brand loyalty of customers Strong capital cost on entry (Ketels 2006) Legal const raints Acquisitions Government restrictions on monopolistic firms Greater economies of scale- out performance Diversification- acceptable quality survives, can be easily imitated It stands to win over the threat of entry in the market because; the government has put strong entry barriers. Supplies’ Bargaining Power Flexibility to the industry’s request Volume and price provided Concentrated suppliers High switching cost The suppliers bargaining power is weak over the buyers’ and could always lower their prices to ensure a share of the buyers’ prospective profit. The Three Generic Strategies Market segmentation is the breaking down of the target market into small segments to make advertising easy. One of the benefits of market segmentation is that companies are able to target specific populations that would have not been reached if mass marketing was adopted. With this kind of marketing, companies are able to have a closer contact with their potential c ustomers and they are able to understand their tastes, interests, and preferences. The differentiation strategy is the use of a set of incorporated actions that are intended to improve the production and delivery of goods and services and customers are expected to recognize these goods and services as having different and unique importance. The cost leadership strategy is one of the key strategies in marketing (Earl 1996). Each producer in the industry aims at being the lowest producer at a given level of quality. Products are sold at an average price so as to attract a big market share and earn high profits. Most customers tend to prefer the low priced products if they guarantee them of quality (Hooley Saunders 1993). Urgent Issues The company already has a strong brand name. This is an upper hand in positioning itself in the new market. Other than the company itself, the companies that it has acquired are also doing well. There is the expertise that the company boosts of. This is gotten from the acquired companies and the developments that have been taking place over the years. Using this, the company should come up with measures that are aimed at countering competition by offering quality to the clients. Other urgent issues include; Close relationship between its suppliers and distributors Expansion of markets through social and cultural contexts An effective procedure to be followed in order to establish new and attractive ideas for the success of the organization. Strong marketing operations- through vertical horizontal integrations Google’s Strategic Position The success or failure of any business or organization depends on the organizational behaviour perceptions. The way the management team together with the employees handles these perceptions determines whether the organization will close its operations or it will continue. This is because management and employees are responsible for the future development of the organization. This is done through motivation, communication, politics, and power. Businesses have to develop a competitive advantage if they are to continue and failure to do so will lead to deterioration (Anctil 2008). For a relationship to exist, messages have to be sent and received between people such as employees and companies such as suppliers. Google endeavours to invest in differentiation and low prices in comparison to competitors. As a result, they have adopted the hybrid strategy, which has enhanced their competitive advantage. Google has realized a high turnover growth which offsets its low profit margins and enables sustainability of the cooperation’s price-based competitive advantage. In addition to reinvestment of margins, Google has achieved differentiation through its products as well as imperfect mobility of its brand name, which is inimitable. Hence, Google enjoys market dominance and first mover advantages through technological innovations. From its initial existence, Google has ca pitalized on its core competencies through vertical integration, horizontal, and geographical diversification. In line with its marketing strategy, Google has achieved diversification inorganically through acquisitions, strategic alliances and the associate programme, as well as organically through new product development and technological innovation. The internal expansion focused on improved products for existing customers and new markets. Recommendations Since the Google Company is growing fast and at the same time facing challenges, it is important that certain recommendations be proposed. The recommendations should be adopted with the sole reason of advancing the company’s global operations. To achieve this, the following recommendations are important; Restructure marketing techniques: the company is facing stiff international competition and is likely to lose out in case it remains with the same old marketing strategies; the company should consider drawing new market co mmunication strategies that will reposition its products in the market. In addition, the company should re-brand its products through careful and skilful innovation in order to attract new customers. To ensure that the operations of the company are successful, it is important that the company defines its operation principles of internal control. Moreover, the company should also establish ways of monitoring and evaluating the internal controls. The company should establish proper criteria according to which the process of risk management will be taking place. The criteria should be in such a way that potential risks are identified early enough and appropriate actions taken promptly. Financial strength is one of the most important core businesses of the company. To ensure that the company’s financial resource are well managed and utilized, it is recommended that the company gives a clear description on how the internal audit should function to avoid any form of Fraud or misapp ropriation of financial resource It will also be important for the company to enhance the flow of information from the top level to bottom level. The flow of information on crucial and sensitive matters should be effective and efficient. This should utilize the most current communication technology. The strengths and weaknesses of the company should be evaluated on a periodic basis in order to identify potential challenges that can affect the normal operations of the company. It is important to note that new challenges arise and can contribute to the company’s already existing weaknesses. Again, the company is likely to gain more strength in areas which, if well utilized, can help enhance the competitive advantage of the company. A definite period should therefore be set to be used in monitoring and evaluating the internal weaknesses and strengths of the company. Conclusion Google is the biggest and yet the most innovative internet firm. It was started as a research project b y PhD students from the University of Stanford. Since inception, it has been going through periods of growth and innovation. It has evolved to be an internet-based powerhouse and has been able to beat other internet firms, such as, Yahoo and Microsoft. It occupies about 50% of the market and offers a variety of products and services that attract a large population of users. Google offers relevant search results and it is also simple and user-friendly and this has facilitated its tremendous growth to become the most preferred search engine in the world. Google critical marketing strategies are the acquisition of small firms and the development of new services and technologies. Its revenue is entirely on advertising. What makes Google’s advertisement unique from others is that the ads displayed on a page are pertinent to the content of that specific page. Google also offers a wide variety of free services such as Gmail, Google maps, and other we-based services which attracts ma ny end-users forming a basis for increased advertising revenue. Reference List Anctil, E., 2008. Marketing and Advertising the Intangible. ASHE Higher Education Report, 34(2), 31-47. Anon. 2010. Google, Inc. Form 10-Q: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Web. Atrill, P. and Mclaney, E., 2004. Accounting and finance for non-specialists, 4th Edition. Financial Times Prentice Hall, pp. 152-72. Earl, P., 1996. Management, Marketing and the Competitive Process. Williston, American International Distribution Corporation. Hooley, J. and Saunders, J., 1993. Competitive Strategy: The Key to Marketing Strategy. New York, Prentice Hall. Ketels, C., 2006. Michael Porters Competitiveness Framework: Recent Learning and New Research Priorities. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade Vol.6, no.2, 115-136. Mowen, C.J., 2004. Consumer Behaviour-A Framework. Beijing, Tsinghua University Press. New York Times, 2007. Google Deal Said To Bring U.S. Scrutiny. Web. Shane, S., 2003. A General Theor y of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. London, Edward Elgar. Slawski, B., 2007. Google Acquisitions. [Online] SEO by the Sea. Slowman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2004. Economics for Business, 3rd Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall, pp. 84-94.

3 Things You Need to Do Before You Apply For a New Job

3 Things You Need to Do Before You Apply For a New Job If your current job isn’t keeping you challenged and on your toes, stepping out into the field might be a great idea. So take a deep breath, make sure you’re sure you want to quit  your job, and do the following three things. 1. Re-evaluate your current gigWhat did you love about this job? Can you remember why you were excited about it in the first place? What did you learn? These questions will help you to make the best choice about your next gig. By being honest about the good and bad aspects of your current job, you’ll know better what you’re really looking for with your next.2. Don’t burn any bridgesYou need to look for new connections and new mentors, but you also need to keep up the relationships you already have. Be as active as possible in recruiting new talent into your network, and getting yourself out there in your new industry or work group, but don’t let your existing network fizzle. You’ll never know when you might need those contacts.3. Come out in the openThe hardest part will be telling your current boss that you are leaving- or thinking about leaving. But it is much better to be up front about this. It’s the classy and professional move. Your boss will thank you for the lead time to fill your position- and a month to six weeks notice is much better than the standard two.As long as you’re honest with yourself and your current boss, you can walk clear-eyed and contented into your next opportunity.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Marketing - Essay Example However, this is not the only concern that will eventually give out the whole picture of Apple’s marketing environment. There is a substantial need to actually look in detail the two major components of marketing environment. The first component is the microenvironment which substantially deals with concerns regarding the company, suppliers, marketing intermediaries, customers and publics (Kotler et al., 1999). The second component on the other hand is the macroenvironment which consists of influential forces such as demographic, economic, natural, tefchnological, political and cultural (Kotler et al., 1999; Boone and Kurtz, 2006). The Microenvironment and Macroenvironment Since its manufacturing and logistics are relied on the third parties, Apple Incorporated tries to give significant emphasis on the level of impact of this relationship on its actual marketing operation (Apple Incorporated, 2011). This gives Apple a more meaningful approach in order to come up with effective service that could sustain the current needs and trends in the market. Apple does not need to keep too much focus on its suppliers since as mentioned earlier; it relies on its manufacturing activity on the third parties. Apple does not need to give time on where to find the needed resources in order to address effective customer value delivery system for product manufacturing. As Kotler et al. (1999) emphasised, the effective customer value system is the basic impact of suppliers in the marketing environment. It seems this is true in other organisations which have integrated manufacturing activity in their operation. However, it is definitely different from Apple. Such of this difference from other ongoing activities in other organisations of the same industry gives Apple considerable time to monitor effectively its products’ quality, innovation and substantive differentiation. This offers a competitive advantage for Apple to give more priority for its total quality manageme nt system. In fact, this can be elaborately pointed out as one of the reasons why Apple was able to reach for its competitive advantage. The good thing about this full reliance of Apple of its manufacturing activities on the third parties is a close monitoring of other related marketing intermediaries such as promotion and other marketing related activities. With this, Apple has remarkably created control over its entire marketing operation from the manufacturing point of view. Since Apple is one of the leading organisations in its industry, it can substantially demand higher quality for its line of products. It can demand the most innovative design that would greatly enhance its marketing performance. Marketing intermediaries are able to help Apple to promote and distribute its line of products to prospective customers. After all, marketing intermediaries are an organisation’s alliances prior to creating services and offerings that will substantially address the needs of cus tomers (Kotler et al., 1999). Marketing is also about the study of customer market in the first place which substantially involved customer, business, reseller, institutional, government and international markets (Kotler et al. 1999). All of these are actually considered by Apple prior to creating on-time and quality service for its customers (Apple Incorporated, 2011). It gives too much emphasis on its relationship with resellers for there is substantive control of its marketing system in here. Apple Incorporated (2011) emphasises that its performance particularly in

Choking - airway blockage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Choking - airway blockage - Essay Example One evening, while he was eating his evening snack of milk and cookies, he started coughing with difficulties. His strenuous cough raised the alarm to the caregiver who immediately tried to perform Heimlich maneuver in order to restore the condition, but the aged man did not respond. The man later died after some minutes. Despite the effort of the caregiver, it is evident that man died due to lack of supervision from the caregiver while he was eating (Cuomo, 2012). Dysphagia and aspiration problems increase with age and therefore old people are the most at risk of choking (Bronwyn, 2002). Some of the risk factors associated with aspiration include muscles weakness while chewing and swallowing, seizure disorder, eating too fast, lack of proper eating position, and absent or decreased gag reflex. However, there are precautions that can be followed to reduce the risk of choking or aspiration. Some of them include avoiding excessive sedation, feeding on small amounts of food, allowing rest period before meals, and use of thickened liquids such as nectars. Choking can also be prevented through feeding while upright and putting food on unaffected strong side for stroke

Greek Gods :: essays research papers

The Greek Gods Many people would blatantly state that the importance of the gods in Greek society derives from the fact that Gods in any society are usually used to explain phenomenon that people cannot logically comprehend, but in ancient Greece gods were actually entities that took part in the workings of society itself. Even simple aspects of day-to-day life such as sex and disputes between mortals were supposedly influenced by godly workings. Unlike modern religions such as Catholicism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, where an omnipotent force supposedly controls the workings of the world, a hierarchy of Gods characterized religion in ancient Greece. Working as one big family, which they actually were, each one of the Greek gods governed a certain aspect of the world in a way that usually reflected their own humanlike personalities. These unique personalities also contained many human flaws such as envy and greed, and were where the Greek God’s importance lay. Greek religion was more concentrated on the way an individual dealt with situations that popped up in the world around him than on understanding the world itself. In other words the Greeks were more interested in the workings of the mind than in the workings of the environment around them. This was so because unlike us, the Greeks believed that they already had explanations for trivial questions such as, “Where the world came from?'; “Who are we?'; and “Who controls the world around us?'; To them all these questions could simply be explained by looking at their own mythology. It is hard for us to really understand how deeply these beliefs were rooted into their personalities, to the Greeks if some natural phenomenon occurred it occurred because one of their gods had decided to make it occur, it was just as simple as that. The existence of the God’s to the Greeks was something just as simple as that the fact that the sky is blue is simple to us. The strength of these preconceived ideas can be seen in Strepsiades’s words while he argues with Socrates in Aristophanes’s The Clouds: STREPSIADES: “What on earth - ! You mean you don’t believe in Zeus?'; SOCRATES: “Zeus? Who’s Zeus?'; STREPSIADES: “Zeus who lives on Olympus, of course.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SOCRATES: “Now really, you should know better. There is no Zeus.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  STREPSIADES: “What? Well, who sends the rain, then? Answer me that.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In General the Greeks respected and feared their gods because they understood that they were superior creatures, but they usually felt differently about different gods depending on that God’s personality and the myths that surrounded his existence.

Impact of Social Class on Australians’ Life Chances Essay

Sociologists will define class as categories in the society which are based on income, status, or the way they are viewed by the society. A Marxist analysis on the other hand features on the level of influence an individual has on the means of production. Matthews (2007) further defines a capitalist class which he says that it is the class that owns and controls most of the productive capital in the society. He says that in Australia, this class amounted to 5 % of the entire population in the year 1998. Theories have been developed about class that has resulted to numerous and conflicting ideas and researchers had to shift from using class as a theoretical framework for research. The dismissal of class analysis of various societal institutions as dogmatic, and ideological led McLaren & Farahmandpur to state that â€Å"matters of class power are sanitized and its powerful effects on the life chances of working-class students is denuded or made invisible,† (Pearce, Down & Moore 2008, para. 2). In Australia, about two thirds of the population is in the working class. These are people whose only productive asset is the ability to work. They sell their labour power to their employers who can range from the state, individual capitalists among others, in order to receive a wage which will enable them make ends meet. Another popular class is the middle class which can be said to be composed of individuals who own small businesses. They rely on their own labour power to produce output. They are however being driven away and into bankruptcy by large capital firms. There still exists the ruling class; they carry more social weight and power than the rest of the citizens. They have a direct influence on economic policies being developed in the nation. They support politicians and government, politically and financially. The state can also be categorized in this class as it is responsible for making and implementation of the law (Matthews 2007). Impact to Education There exists inequality in the access of university education, underachievement in education correlates negatively with the social class. Children from low-income families have limited access to educational resources. Their parents rarely get enough time to help them with their day to day challenges at school as they are so much occupied in their work places. They work even over time in order to sustain their families. Some parents in the working class lack education and therefore they would be of little help to help their children in doing their homework, they would also not be in a position to afford employing tutors and this affects their children’s education (Taylor & Fraser 2003). Expectations on the working-class students are that they should conform to the middle-class. They thus seek to achieve this status and power mostly not for their own gain but in order to improve the life chances of others in the similar background. They are more focused in giving back to the community in which they originated rather than seeking their improvement in form of class status. A strong sense of solidarity is evident in these students as they have an increased desire to use their qualifications and professional status to achieve a better life for themselves and others who are like them. They have a passion to bridge the gap between the two classes which they believe that a lot has still to be done as the inequality gap is too large (Lins-Dyer & Nucci 2007). The discriminatory education system has unquantifiable damages that are done to individuals and the society at large. People have been left behind in the system, others have been discouraged while yet a quite good proportion has been excluded from the system. It would not be unrealistic to claim that social and economic damage is being done through educational discrimination. When â€Å"Professor Janet McCalman analysed the places where those in the Australian who’s who 1988 went to school,† it was clear that these leaders in business professions and politics went to the older private schools (Moorhouse 2010, p. 1). McGregor (1997), views being in the working-class as being equal to being underprivileged, he asserts that people in this class earn and own less, their access to life privileges is minimal as they have poorer education and other goods from the society. In general, the opportunity that they have for good life is such minimal that with a very small degree of error, we can claim that equal opportunity does not exist in Australia. Impact to Health It is no wonder that health outcomes really vary with the social class. The characteristics of different social classes can be depicted by a view on Morbidity and mortality rates. The lower class shows a greater array of lower mortality rates and greater health problems (Greig, Lewins & White, 2003). These differences are very clear and distinct at birth and throughout the human life cycle. Henry (2001) identifies domains in which health disparity issues differ by the social class. They include psychological domain which contains norms habits, and behavioural intentions. The other is listed as behavioural constraints which include economic resources and situational effects. Physical influences that include physiological stress, genetic dispositions and environmental conditions Behavioural constraints involve barriers that prevent one from engaging in health promoting behaviour. These inhibitors are listed by Henry (2001) as economic resources and situation constraints. Economic resources inhibitors are financial limitations that prevent individuals from obtaining health facilities goods, while situational constraints are factors that limit the access to these health facilities. They range from lack of adequate health facilities in the community, poor transportation or lack of proper time management in the utility of such services. Physical influences on the other hand are the conditions which impact physiological health directly. He groups them into environmental conditions, physiological stress and genetics A decline in the health is observed as one move down the classes. The middle class  Public awareness and educational programs can be developed to ensure that health equality is maintained. Social class has taken a critical point in the studies of health, the coronary heart disease for instance had been considered as a disease for the upper class. On the other hand, the lower class (working-class) have been found to have prevalent lower life expectancy, higher mortality rates and increased mental disorders. Inequality in income brings about psychosocial stress which is a factor that increases the mortality rate; it has become apparent that mental illness prevalence has been found among the working class. A direct relationship has been identified to exist between poverty and increase in emotional disturbance. This has led to an increase of psychiatric disorders, drug and alcohol dependence on the working class (Murali & Oyebode 2004). According to The Demography of Medical Schools, 59% of applicants in medical school usually come from high social classes. This makes us suspect that a discriminatory rule is being used in the medical institutions. However, admissions procedures in these schools seem to favour certain social classes in comparison to others. Requirements such as previous experience in a hospital are being considered for some medical school administration. This curtails the number of students enrolling to such schools as it proves cumbersome to attain such qualifications for most people in the working class. The access to opportunities has been limited for many students and this explains the reason why such patterns of students’ enrolment are being reflected (The Medical News 2004). The nature of the working class has really changed in Australia with over 65% of the work force being employed in the white-collar jobs. In fact if by defining the working-class as those who have not attended university education, then it can be said that Australia has graduated to the middle-class. It is surprising to note that the vast majority of white-collar jobs holders are part of the working-class. They have less control of their work which is even lower than that of blue-collar workers, consequently implying lower wages (Castles 1994). It is very clear that in Australia class has direct consequences on lifestyle. It affects the access to education and status attainment. A child raised in middle-class is more likely to end up in this middle class and the trend would be similar for a child raised in the middle-class. As we move up the social class, we are able to meet better health, education and other social facilities, which are transmitted to children. The trend thus seems to be perpetuated to future generations. A research conducted by Taylor and Fraser (2003) indicates the existence of a gap between children living in the different classes. The working class end up having stress in Parents relationships as they are unable to provide impeccable opportunities for their children. Children have in fact confessed that class is a factor that lead to social seclusion in academic life, and a contributing factor for educational disadvantage. Life’s chances are in this case affected by the mere fact that one belongs to a certain class that is either favoured or not by circumstances that prevail in the society. In Australia the government together with other institutions should be concerned and implement policies that would narrow the gap that exist between the various social classes. Such policies should focus on issues of adequate family income which will ensure that families have adequate resources to cater for the needs of their children and provide adequate opportunities for them, the welfare of workers should also be taken care of to ensure that each worker gets adequate time to attend to the family needs. In the school setting, policies should be developed to ensure that educational disadvantage has been reduced, and the cost of public education to be maintained as low as possible, to offer equal opportunities for children in all classes.  Affordable assistance should be accorded to specific children with learning difficulties in order to enhance excellence at all levels (Taylor & Fraser 2003). Conclusion In conclusion it is very clear that Australia is faced with inequalities and other factors that enhance or inhibit opportunities that are available to children growing in this nation. There exists a challenge which should be looked at by all the policy makers in private and public enterprises, in order to ensure that the life chances of the children are not affected unfairly by the mere fact of belonging to a certain class.

Brave New World By Aldous Huxley - 1161 Words

There is a thin line between a contemporary society and the society depicted in the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. One can clearly differentiate the utopian/dystopian portrayals in Brave New World to society today. The sustainability of maintaining mass control on society plays a major part in this novel as well as the concept of love and sex. In the world today there are trying to control society and how we view sex and love while maintaining our methods to influence that notion. The methods that the Controller uses to regulate society is unnecessary because there can be less blissful tactics to influence society that gives people free will like our society provides. John who is also referred to as The Savage is an outsider of†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Alone, always alone† (BNW Pg.137) John’s upbringing can be paralleled to Ancient and Modern Day Korean Ideals on shame and disregard to someone in the community who goes against the norm in society. Like Korean and surrounding Asian cultures there are customs on how one should behave within morally.† Asian shame is intricately tied to the fear of rejection† (Louie MA, LMHC). If someone goes against the grain of what is expected of the population, then they become an outcast, much like John has been raised up to feel from his community because of his mother’s promiscuity. Lenina, a young and desirable female who works at the Hatchery catches the attention of John. The two of them end up having an attraction for one another but they both come to realize they had contrasting beliefs and values on sex and love. John admired Lenina and so did she in return but John wanted something more than just someone to sleep with. â€Å"Listen Lenina, in Malpais people get married.† (BNW Pg.191) Lenina thought it was a horrible idea to talk about marriage because it defies her culture’s convention. Lenina is taught that â€Å"everyone is for everyone† and not to be with one person. When Lenina tried to come on to John by taking off her clothes and reaching for him to make a sexual advantage, he grabbed her wrists and thrust her roughly yelling